Political and personal struggle in the Lublin organs of the Polish United Workers' Party in the October period against the background of faction struggles in the Central Committee of the PUWP in 1956

  • Marcin Wypych
Keywords: Revolutionary Group of Students; Revolutionary Association of Students; Against the Wind; Society of Fighters for Freedom and Democracy; Provincial Committee of the Polish United Workers' Party in Lublin

Abstract

Formation of factions in the Central Committee of the Polish United Workers’ Party after the 20th Congressof theCommunist Party of the Soviet Unionhad a fundamental effect on the situation in minor party centers. A lack of a strong leadership caused the return of Władysław Gomułka who in 1956 enjoyed widespread support of the Polish society. In Lublin Gomułka's popularity was used by UMCS students who were party members. By organizing rallies to support Gomułka as a candidate for the post of the First Secretary of the Party they sought to win the hearts of the society of the region in order to achieve their own political aims. the group opposed the new First Secretary of the Provincial Committee Władysław Kozdra who was sent to Lublin by the Central Committee. This group is called revisionists. Apart from the student group two other ones were formed in the Provincial Committee. One of them, that was at the time the leadership of the Committee, aimed at maintaining their positions. This is why they were called opportunists. They did not welcome Gomułka’s return. The other group, that had ties with the Lublin section of the Society of Fighters for Freedom and Democracy aimed at seizing power in the Provincial Committee. Probably they enjoyed the support of Mieczysław Moczar. Their aim was achieved in November 1956, but after a month the group lost the position of the First Secretary, taken by Władysław Kozdra who was supported by the Central Committee. In December 1956 Kozdra suppressed the opposition centers in the Provincial Committee and he remained the First Secretary of the Provincial Committee of the Polish United Workers' Party until 1971. The main representatives of the opportunist group and of the group connected with the Society of Fighters for Freedom and Democracy were transferred to other positions that did not signify a degradation in the party. The revisionist group was disbanded and lost any political significance.

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Published
2019-10-21
Section
Articles