Superhumans, Transhumans, and Posthumans in Early Modern Utopian Fiction

Artur Blaim

doi:10.18290/rh.2018.66.11s-2

Artur Blaim Uniwersytet Gdański

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18290/rh.2018.66.11s-2

Słowa kluczowe: wczesnonowożytna literatura utopijna; humanizm; transhumanizm; posthumanizm

Abstrakt

Nadczłowiek, transczłowiek i postczłowiek we wczesnonowożytnej literaturze utopijnej

Artykuł przedstawia funkcjonowanie motywów trashumanizmu i posthumanizmu we wczesnonowożytnej literaturze utopijnej, w której istotną rolę odgrywa problematyka naturalnego poszerzania możliwości ludzkiego ciała i umysłu nie tylko poprzez stworzenie idealnych warunków społeczno-politycznych, ale również dzięki odpowiedniej diecie oraz zdrowemu i wysoce moralnemu stylowi życia. Nowe technologie i wynalazki mogą przyczyniać się do poprawy warunków życia, ale nie prowadzą do radykalnej rewizji tradycyjnej wizji człowieka. Przedstawiane w niektórych utopiach społeczności transludzkie i postludzkie nie stanowią wzorców przyszłego rozwoju ludzkości, pełniąc wyłącznie rolę satyryczną, bądź funkcjonując jako elementy sensacyjne zwiększające atrakcyjność utworów, w których występują.

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