Metafizyczność poezji. O kilku koncepcjach XX-wiecznej filozofii literatury

Abstrakt

The subject matter of the paper is the question of the ontic (existential) importance of literature. Referring to the thought of M. Scheler, K. Jaspers, R. Ingarden, S.I. Witkiewicz, and M. Heidegger, the author depicts such a model of the philosophical theory of literature in which the importance of poetry is being derived from the source and fundamental experiences of the being and existence of man. These experiences are deeply entangled in the aesthetic structures of poetry and leave their stamp of metaphysical importance on it. The author emphasizes the role of the category of metaphysical mystery, understood as basic aporias in some dimensions of human cognition. Philosophy takes pains to illuminate and rationalize this mystery in the system of concepts, whereas poetry structuralizes it and makes it manifest in aesthetic matter. Poetry participates in the manner man exists, revealing the sense of this existence and referring man to the source of valuableness.