China’s New Sources of Economic Growth: Knowledge and Innovation

Keywords: China; New economy; knowledge and innovations; Made In China 2025; artificial intelligence

Abstract

The paper deals with the new driving forces determining the role of innovation in China’s economic transition. Knowledge and innovation play a crucial role in fostering competitiveness and economic growth in the long-term period. New Economy is based on the rapid deployment, diffusion and utilization of information and communications technologies (ICT), that significantly reduces operating costs and boosts productivity.

Nowadays, China focus less on rapid economic growth and strongly emphasis the high-quality and sustainability of that growth. A strategic plan Made In China 2025 calls for breakthroughs in key technologies, as well as improve quality and efficiency. The implementation of innovation-driven development strategy aims to upgrade traditional industries and laid out strategic emerging industries to ensure competitiveness of Chinese manufacturing sector.

References

“新四大发明” 改变生活,新华社. 国务院 [“Xin si da faming” gaibian shenghuo, Xinhua she. Guowuyuan], 20.12.2017.

年度我国各类留学回国人员总数达48.09万人. 新华 [Niandu woguo ge lei liuxue huiguo renyuan zongshu da 48.09 Wan ren. Xinhua], 17.04.2018.

年全国科技工作会议在京召开. 科技部 [Nian quanguo keji gongzuo huiyi zaijing zhaokai. Keji bu], 9.01.2018.

年中国芯片自给率将达40%,2025年要达70%. 超能网 [Nian zhongguo xinpian zigei lü jiang da 40%,2025 nian yao da 70%, chao neng wang]. Expreview, 24.08.2016. Dostęp 11.06. 2018. http://www.expreview.com/49048.html.

tables: Institutions, Nature Index. Dostęp 11.06.2018. https://www.natureindex.com/annual-tables/2017/institution/all/all.

办好中国特色世界一流大学, 习近平提出这样干. 新华 [Ban hao zhongguo tese shijie yiliu daxue, Xi Jinping tichu zheyang gan. Xinhua], 3.05.2018.

Basic Statistics on Scientific and Technological Activities, China Statistical Yearbook, 2010-2016.

北京加快建设两家知识产权保护中心. 新华 [Beijing jiakuai jianshe liang jia zhishi chanquan baohu zhongxin. Xinhua], 20.04.2018.

„China accelerates building of science and technology innovation hubs”. Xinhua, Global Times, 26. 01.2018.

„China creating index to measure ‘new economy’: Chief statistician”. Xinhua, China Daily, 25.11. 2016.

„China poaches more Taiwanese chip talent”. Nikkei Asian Review, 9.11.2017.

第41次中国互联网络发展状况统计报告, 中国互联网络信息中心 [Di 41 ci zhongguo hulian wangluo fazhan zhuangkuang tongji baogao. Zhongguo hulian wangluo xinxi zhongxin], 01.2018.

广州市人民政府关于印发广州市建设“中国制造2025”试点示范城市实施方案的通知, 广州市 民政局 [Guangzhou shi renminzhengfu guanyu yinfa guangzhou shi jianshe “zhongguo zhizao 2025” shidian shifan chengshi shishi fang'an de tongzhi. Guangzhou shi min zheng ju], 3.10. 2017.

国务院关于加快培育和发展战略性新兴产业的决定. 国务院 [Guowuyuan guanyu jiakuai peiyu he fazhan zhanlüe xing xinxing chanye de jueding. Guowuyuan], 18.10.2010.

国务院关于印发“十三五”国家战略性新兴产业发展规划的通知. 国务院 [Guowuyuan guanyu yinfa “shisanwu” guojia zhanlüe xing xinxing chanye fazhan guihua de tongzhi. Guowuyuan], 29.11.2016.

国务院关于印发新一代人工智能发展规划的通知. 国务院 [Guowuyuan guanyu yinfa xin yidai rengong zhineng fazhan guihua de tongzhi. Guowuyuan], 20.07.2017.

国务院关于印发《中国制造2025》的通知. 国务院 [Guowuyuan guanyu yinfa „Zhongguo Zhizao 2025” de tongzhi. Guowuyuan], 19.05.2015.

科技部办公厅关于印发《国家科技企业孵化器》十三五《发展规划》的通知. 科技部 [Keji bu bangong ting guanyu yinfa „Guojia keji qiye fuhuaqi” shisanwu „Fazhan guihua” de tongzhi. Keji bu], 29.06.2017.

李克强:发展“新经济”是要培育新动能,促进中国经济转型. 国务院 [Li Keqiang: Fazhan “xin jingji” shi yao peiyu xin dongneng, cujin zhongguo jingji zhuanxing. Guowuyuan], 16.03.2016.

李克强:加快新旧动能转换步伐. 国务院 [Li Keqiang: Jiakuai xinjiu dongneng zhuanhuan bufa. Guowuyuan], 4.02.2016.

李克强主持召开教科文卫体界人士和基层群众代表座谈会. 国务院 [Li Keqiang zhuchi zhaokai jiaoke wen wei tijie renshi he jiceng qunzhong daibiao zuotan hui. Guowuyuan], 1.02.2018.

李克强作政府工作报告. 国务院 [Li Keqiang zuo zhengfu gongzuo baogao. Guowuyuan], 5.03. 2016.

McKinsey Global Institute. Digital China: Powering The Economy To Global Competitiveness, 12.2017.

OECD Glossary of Statistical Terms. OECD Publishing, 2008.

PCT international applications by origin, WIPO.

„PwC’s Global Artificial Intelligence Study: Sizing the prize. What’s the real value of AI for your business and how can you capitalise?”. PwC 2016. Dostęp 11.06.2018. http://www.pwc.com/gx/en/issues/ analytics/assets/pwc-ai-analysis-sizing-the-prize-report.pdf.

人工智能将进入高中课堂, 你准备好了吗? 新华 [Rengong zhineng jiang jinru gaozhong ketang, nizhunbei haole ma? Xinhua], 10.06.2018.

人口与劳动绿皮书:中国人口与劳动问题报告 [Renkou yu laodong lǜ pi shu: Zhongguo renkou yu laodong wenti baogao] (Reports on China’s Population and Labour), 中国社会科学 院人口与劳动经济研究所 [Zhongguo shehui kexueyuan renkou yu laodong jingji yanjiu suo], No.18, Beijing 2017.

“Researchers: Total, Per 1 000 employed, 2000–2016, Main Science and Technology Indicators”. OECD. Dostęp 11.06.2018. https://data.oecd.org/rd/researchers.htm.

Sample, Ian. „Nobel winner declares boycott of top science journals”. The Guardian, 9.12.2013.

市政府新闻发布会介绍新出台的《关于本市推动新一代人工智能发展的实施意见》主要内, 上海市人民政府 [Shi zhengfu xinwen fabu hui jieshao xin chutai de “guanyu ben shi tuidong xin yidai rengong zhineng fazhan de shishi yijian” zhuyao nei. Shanghai shi renmin zhengfu], 14 XI 2017.

数字改变中国—从数字经济看中国经济新高地, 新华 [Shuzi gaibian zhongguo—cong shuzi jingji kan zhong guo jingji xin gaodi. Xinhua], 17.12.2017.

Top PCT applicants, WIPO.

图文直播:国家知识产权局2017年主要工作统计数据及有关情况新闻发布会. 国家知识产权局 [Tu wen zhibo: Guojia zhishi chanquan ju 2017 nian zhuyao gongzuo tongji shuju ji youguan qingkuang xinwen fabu hui. Guojia zhishi chanquan ju], 18 I 2018.

我国力争2035年网络空间综合实力进入全球第一梯队. 国务院 [Woguo lizheng 2035 nian wangluo kongjian zonghe shili jinru quanqiu di yi tidui. Guowuyuan], 25.12.2017.

我国共享经济正从起步期向成长期加速转型. 中国经济时报 [Woguo gongxiang jingji zheng cong qǐbu qi xiang cheng changqi jiasu zhuanxing. Zhongguo jingji shibao], 28.02.2017.

„World University Rankings 2018”. Times Higher Education. Dostęp 11.06.2018. https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/2018/world-ranking#!/ page/0/length/25/locations/CN/sort_by/rank/sort_order/asc/cols/stats.

西安电子科技大学成立人工智能学院, „华商报” [Xi’an dianzikeji daxue chengli rengong zhineng xueyuan. Huashang bao], 3 XI 2017.

习近平:深刻认识建设现代化经济体系重要性推动我国经济发展焕发新活力迈上新台阶, 新华 [Xi Jinping: Shenke renshi jianshe xiandaihua jingji tixi zhongyao xing tuidong woguo jingji fazhan huanfa xin huoli mai shang xin taijie. Xinhua], 31.01.2018.

习近平:在中国科学院第十九次院士大会、中国工程院第十四次院士大会上的讲话,新华 [Xi Jinping: Zai zhongguo kexueyuan di shijiu ci yuanshi dahui, zhongguo gongchengyuan di shisi ci yuanshi dahui shang de jianghua. Xinhua], 28.05.2018.

习近平为什么在内蒙古参选人大代表?听听他本人怎么说, 新华 [Xi Jinping weisheme zai neimenggu can xuan renda daibiao? Ting ting ta benren zenme shuo. Xinhua], 6.03.2018.

“新四大发明”塑造中国创新形象,新华 [“Xin si da faming” suzao zhongguo chuangxin xingxiang. Xinhua], 23.07.2017.

“新四大发明”:标注中国,启示世界,新华 [“Xin si da faming”: Biaozhu zhongguo, qishi shijie. Xinhua], 11.08.2017.

新一代人工智能发展规划, 国务院 [Xin yidai rengong zhineng fazhan guihua. Guowuyuan], 8.07.2017.

政府工作报告 2017年3月5日在第十二届全国人民代表大会第五次会议上, 新华 [Zhengfu gongzuo baogao 2017 nian 3 yue 5 ri zai di shi'er jie quanguo renmin daibiao dahui di wu ci huiyi shang. Xinhua], 5.03.2018.

众创空间将首入孵化器十三五规划 全国孵化器载体有望破万家,第一财经 [Zhong chuang kongjian jiang shou ru fuhuaqi shisanwu guihua quanguo fuhuaqi zaitiyouwang po wan jia. Di Yi Caijing], 18.09.2017. Dostęp 11.06.2018. http://www.yicai.com/news/5346530.html.

中国高校学生创新创业调查报告 [Zhongguo gaoxiao xuesheng chuangxin chuangye diaocha baogao] (2017) (Report On the Entrepreneurship of Chinese Collage Students (2017), CCG 研究报告 [Yanjiu baogao], No. 10, IX 2017.

《中国科技期刊发展蓝皮书(2017)》发布, 科学网 [“Zhongguo keji qikan fazhan lanpishu (2017)” Fabu. Kexue Wang], 28.01.2018. Dostęp 11.06.2018 http://news.sciencenet.cn/ htmlnews/2018/1/401387.shtm.

中国人工智能人才地图在苏州吴江发布,新华 [Zhongguo rengong zhineng rencai ditu zai suzhou wujiang fabu. Xinhua], 1.06.2018.

中国人工智能人才缺口超500万供求比例仅为1:10, „人民日报海外版” [Zhongguo rengong zhineng rencai quekou chao 500 wan gongqiu bǐli jǐn wei 1:10. Renmin ribao haiwai ban], 14. 07.2017.

中国知识产权保护的成就有目共睹, 国家知识产权局 [Zhongguo zhishi chanquan baohu de chengjiu youmugongdu. Guojia zhishi chanquan ju], 19.04.2018.

中共十九大开幕习近平代表十八届中央委员会作报告, 中国网 [Zhonggong shijiu da kaimu Xi Jinping daibiao shiba jie zhongyang weiyuanhui zuo baogao. Zhongguo Wang], 18.10.2017. Dostęp 11.06.2018. http://www.china.com.cn/cppcc/2017-10/18/content_41752399.htm.

中共中央国务院印发《国家创新驱动发展战略纲要》, 科技部 [Zhonggong zhongyang guowuyuan yinfa “guojia chuangxin qudong fazhan zhanlüe gangyao”. Keji Bu], 19.05.2016.

中国制造2025》2017版技术路线图发布, 中国新闻网 [Zhongguo zhizao 2025”2017 ban jishu luxian tu fabu. Zhongguo Xinwen Wang], 26.01.2018. Dostęp 11.06.2018) http://www.chinanews.com/cj/2018/01-26/8434179.shtml.

中芯国际今年将投资7nm工艺问世或2020年之后, 电子发烧友 [Zhong xin guoji jinnian jiang touzi 7nm gongyi wenshi huo 2020 nian zhihou. Dianzi Fashaoyou], 17.03.2017. Dostęp 11.06. 2018, http://www.elecfans.com/article/90/156/2017/0317497242.html.

中央经济工作会议提出2016年五大任务, 新华 [Zhongyang jingji gongzuo huiyi tichu 2016 nian wuda renwu. Xinhua], 22.12.2015.

Published
2019-10-24
Section
Articles