Polish adaptation of Carol Ryff’s Psychological Well-Being Scales
Słowa kluczowe:
well-being; eudaimonia; PWBS questionnaire
Abstrakt
The Psychological Well-Being Scales (PWBS) is a questionnaire designed by Ryff (1989) to mea-sure six dimensions of eudaimonic well-being: self-acceptance, positive relations with others, autonomy, environmental mastery, purpose in life, and personal growth. Translated into several dozen languages, this questionnaire is a commonly used instrument for measuring well-being. The article presents the effects of work on the Polish adaptation of two versions of the PWBS: full (84-item) and short (18-item), conducted as a series of four studies with a total sample of 2,035 participants aged 13 to 78.The results confirmed the reliability of the full version of the PWBS and the six-factor structure of well-being. They also confirmed the criterion validity of the questionnaire, reflected in correlations with validation instruments.
Bibliografia
Abbott, R., Ploubidis, G., Huppert, F., Kuh, D., Croudace, T. (2010). An evaluation of the precision of measurement of Ryff’s Psychological Well-Being Scales in a population sample. Social Indicators Research, 97, 357-373.
Antonovsky, A. (1993). The structure and properties of the Sense of Coherence Scale. Social Science & Medicine, 36, 725-733.
Bandalos, D. L., & Finney, S. J. (2001). Item parceling issues in structural equation modeling. In G. A. Marcoulides & R. E. Schumacker (Eds.), New developments and techniques in structural equation modeling (pp. 269-296). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erblaum Associates, Inc.
Berzonsky, M. D., & Cieciuch, J. (2016). Mediational role of identity commitment in relationships between identity processing style and psychological well-being. Journal of Happiness Studies, 17(1), 145-162.
Bornstein, M. H., Davidson, L., Keyes, C. L. M., & Moore, K. A. (2003), Well-being. Positive development across the life course. London: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Cheng, S.-T., & Chang, A. C. (2005). Measuring psychological well-being in the Chinese. Personality and Individual Differences, 38, 1307-1316.
Cieciuch, J. (2010). Pięcioczynnikowa stuktura osobowości we wczesnej adolescencji [The five- -factor structure of personality in early adolescence]. Studia Psychologica, 10, 251-271.
Czapiński, J. (2004). Psychologia pozytywna. Nauka o szczęściu, zdrowiu, sile i cnotach człowieka [Positive psychology: A science of human happiness, health, strength, and values]. Warsaw, Poland: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN.
Czerw, A. (2011). Psychologia pozytywna i jej rozwój w Polsce [Positive psychology and its development in Poland]. Psychologia Jakości Życia, 10(1), 1-6.
Diaz, D., Rodriguez-Carvajal, R., Blanco, A., Moreno-Jimenez, B., Gallardo, I., Valle, C., & van Dierendonck, D. (2006). Spanish adaptation of the Psychological Well-Being Scales (PWBS). Psicothema, 18(3), 572-577.
Diener, E. (1984). Subjective well-being. Psychological Bulletin, 95(3), 542-575.
Diener, E. (2000). Subjective well-being: The science of happiness and a proposal for a national index. American Psychologist, 55(1), 34-43.
Diener, E., Emmons, R. A., Larsen, R. J., & Griffin, S. (1985). The Satisfaction With Life Scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 49, 71-75.
Fernandes, H. M., Vasconcelos-Raposo, J., & Teixeira, C. M. (2010). Preliminary analysis of the psychometric properties of Ryff’s Scales of Psychological Well-Being in Portuguese adolescents. The Spanish Journal of Psychology, 13(2), 1032-1043.
Forgeard, M. J. C., Jayawickreme, E., Kern, M., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2011). Doing the right thing: Measuring wellbeing for public policy. International Journal of Wellbeing, 1(1), 79-106.
Fronczyk, K., Skrzyński, W., & Cieciuch, J. (2012). Polska adaptacja The Social Desirability Scale-17 (SDS-17) [A Polish adaptation of the Social Desirability Scale-17 (SDS-17)]. Unpublished materials.
Goldberg, L. R., Johnson, J. A., Eber, H. W., Hogan, R., Ashton, M. C., Cloninger, C. R., & Gough, H. G. (2006). The International Personality Item Pool and the future of public-domain personality measures. Journal of Research in Personality, 40(1), 84-96.
Heidrich, S. M., & Ryff, C. D. (1993). Physical and mental health in later life: The self-system as mediator. Psychology and Aging, 8, 327-338.
Heszen-Niejodek, I. (1996). Jakość życia w badaniach psychologicznych [Quality of life in psychological research]. Śląskie Studia Historyczno-Teologiczne, 29, 251-255.
Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6(1), 1-55.
James, J. B., & Zarrett N. (2005). Ego integrity in the lives of older women: A follow-up of mothers from the Sears, Maccoby, and Levin (1951) Patterns of Child Rearing Study. Journal of Adult Development, 12, 155-167.
Juczyński, Z. (2001). Narzędzia pomiaru w promocji zdrowia [Measurement instruments in health promotion]. Warsaw, Poland: Psychological Test Laboratory of the Polish Psychological Association.
Kafka, G. J., & Kozma, A. (2002). The construct validity of Ryff’s Scales of Psychological Well- -Being (SPWB) and their relationship to measures of subjective well-being. Social Indicators Research, 57, 171-190.
Kállay, É., & Rus, C. (2014). Psychometric properties of the 44-item version of Ryff’s Psychological Well-Being Scale. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 30(1), 15-21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000163.
Karaś, D., Najderska, M., & Cieciuch, J. (2013, May). Polish adaptation of Keyes’s Social Well- -Being Scale. Paper presented at the 1st International Congress on Positive Psychology in Sopot, Poland.
Keyes, C. L. M. (1998). Social well-being. Social Psychology Quarterly, 61, 121-140.
Kim, M. S., Kim, H. W., Cha, K, H., & Lim, J. (2007). What makes Koreans Happy? Exploration on the structure of happy life among Korean adults. Social Indicators Research, 82, 265-286.
Kitamura, T., Yasuko, K., Gatayama, R., Matsuoka, T., Miura, S., & Yamaba, K. (2004). Ryff’s Psychological Well-Being Inventory: Factorial structure and life history correlates among Japanese university students. Psychological Reports, 94, 83-103. Retrieved from: http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.94.1.83-103.
Koniarek, J., Dudek, B., & Makowska, Z. (1993). Kwestionariusz Orientacji Życiowej. Adaptacja The Sense of Coherence Questionnaire (SOC) A. Antonovsky’ego [The Life Orientation Questionnaire: Adaptation of A. Antonovsky’s Sense of Coherence Questionnaire (SOC)]. Przegląd Psychologiczny, 36, 491-502.
Kossakowska, M. (2014). Positive psychology in Poland – Introduction. Polish Psychological Bulletin, 45(2), 101-102.
Krok, D. (2009). Religijność a jakość życia w perspektywie mediatorów psychospołecznych [Religiosity and quality of life in the perspective of psychosocial mediators]. Opole, Poland: Faculty of Theology Press, University of Opole.
Liebkind, K., & Jasinskaja-Lahti, I. (2000). Acculturation and psychological well-being among immigrant adolescents in Finland. Journal of Adolescent Research, 15(4), 446-469.
Lin, C.-C. (2015). Validation of the Psychological Well-Being Scale for use in Taiwan. Social Behavior and Personality, 43(5), 867-874.
Lindfors, P., Berntsson, L., & Lundberg, U. (2006). Factor structure of Ryff’s Psychological well- -being scales in Swedish female and male white-collar workers. Personality and Individual Differences, 40, 1213-1222.
Lopez, S. J., & Snyder, C. R. (2011). The Oxford handbook of positive psychology. Second edition. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Łaguna, M., Lachowicz-Tabaczek, K., & Dzwonkowska, I. (2007). Skala samooceny SES Morrisa Rosenberga – polska adaptacja metody [Morris Rosenberg’s Self-Esteem Scale – A Polish adaptation]. Psychologia Społeczna, 2(02/04), 164-176.
Marsh, H. W., Hau, K.-T., & Wen, Z. (2004). In search of golden rules: Comment on hypothesis- -testing approaches to setting cutoff values for fit indexes and dangers in overgeneralizing Hu and Bentler’s (1999) findings. Structural Equation Modeling, 11(3), 320-341.
Nišević, S., & Cigić, D. (2013). Ryff's Psychological Well-Being Scales: Factor structure of Serbian version. Current Topics in Neurology, Psychiatry & Borderline Disciplines, 21(2/4), 8-17.
Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the adolescent self-image. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2001). On happiness and human potentials: A review of research on hedonic and eudaimonic well-being. Annual Review of Psychology, 52, 141-166.
Ryff, C. D. (1989). Happiness is everything, or is it? Explorations on the meaning of psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57, 1069-1081.
Ryff, C. D. (2008). Challenges and opportunities at the interface of aging, personality, and well- -being. In O. P. John, R. W. Robins, & L. A. Pervin (Eds.), Handbook of personality: Theory and research. New York, Guilford Press, 399-418.
Ryff, C. D. (2014). Psychological well-being revisited: Advances in the science and practice of eudaimonia. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 83(1), 10-28.
Ryff, C. D., & Keyes, C. L. M. (1995). The structure of psychological well-being revisited. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69(4), 719-727.
Salama-Younes, M., Ismaïl, A., Montazeri, A., & Roncin, C. (2011). Factor structure of the French Ryff's Psychological Well-Being Scales for active older adults. In I. Brdar (Eds.), The human pursuit of well-being: A cultural approach (pp. 203-212). New York: Springer Science + Business Media.
Šarotar, Ž., Treven, S., & Čančer, V. (2015). Employees in Slovenia and their psychological well-being based on Ryff's model of psychological well-being. Social Indicators Research, 121(2), 483-502.
Seligman, M. E. P. (2002). Authentic happiness. New York: Free Press.
Seligman, M. E. P. (2011). Flourish: A visionary new understanding of happiness and well-being. New York: Free Press.
Sirigatti, S., Stefanile, C., Giannetti, E., Iani, L., Penzo, I., & Mazzeschi, A. (2009). Assessment of factor structure of Ryff’s Psychological Well-Being Scales in Italian adolescents. Bollettino di Psicologia Applicata, 259, 30-50.
Springer, K. W., & Hauser, R. M. (2006). An assessment of the construct validity of Ryff’s Scales of Psychological Well-Being: Method, mode, and measurement effects. Social Science Research, 35, 1080-1102.
Stöber, J. (2001). The Social Desirability Scale-17. Convergent validity, discriminant validity, and relationship with age. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 17(3), 222-232.
Strauser, D. R., Lustig D. C., & Çıftçı, A. (2008). Psychological well-being: Its relation to work personality, vocational identity, and career thoughts. The Journal of Psychology, 142, 21-35.
Strus, W., Cieciuch, J., & Rowiński, T. (2014). Polska adaptacja kwestionariusza IPIP-BFM-50 do pomiaru pięciu cech osobowości w ujęciu leksykalnym [The Polish adaptation of the IPIP-BFM-50 questionnaire for measuring five personality traits in the lexical approach]. Roczniki Psychologiczne, 17(2), 327-346.
Trzebińska, E. (2008). Psychologia pozytywna [Positive psychology]. Warsaw, Poland: Wydawnictwa Akademickie i Profesjonalne.
Van Dierendonck, D. (2004). The construct validity of Ryff’s scales of psychological well-being and its extension with spiritual well-being. Personality and Individual Differences, 36, 629-643.
Vleioras, G., & Bosma, H. A. (2005). Are identity styles important for psychological well-being? Journal of Adolescence, 28, 397-409.
Waterman, A. S., Schwartz, S. J., Zamboanga, B. L., Ravert, R. D., Williams, M. K., Agocha, V. B., Kim, S. Y., & Donnellan, M. B. (2010). The Questionnaire for Eudaimonic Well-Being: Psychometric properties, demographic comparisons, and evidence of validity. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 5(1), 41-61.
WHO. World Health Organization (1948). Constitution of the World Health Organization. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/governance/eb/who_constitution_en.pdf.
Antonovsky, A. (1993). The structure and properties of the Sense of Coherence Scale. Social Science & Medicine, 36, 725-733.
Bandalos, D. L., & Finney, S. J. (2001). Item parceling issues in structural equation modeling. In G. A. Marcoulides & R. E. Schumacker (Eds.), New developments and techniques in structural equation modeling (pp. 269-296). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erblaum Associates, Inc.
Berzonsky, M. D., & Cieciuch, J. (2016). Mediational role of identity commitment in relationships between identity processing style and psychological well-being. Journal of Happiness Studies, 17(1), 145-162.
Bornstein, M. H., Davidson, L., Keyes, C. L. M., & Moore, K. A. (2003), Well-being. Positive development across the life course. London: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Cheng, S.-T., & Chang, A. C. (2005). Measuring psychological well-being in the Chinese. Personality and Individual Differences, 38, 1307-1316.
Cieciuch, J. (2010). Pięcioczynnikowa stuktura osobowości we wczesnej adolescencji [The five- -factor structure of personality in early adolescence]. Studia Psychologica, 10, 251-271.
Czapiński, J. (2004). Psychologia pozytywna. Nauka o szczęściu, zdrowiu, sile i cnotach człowieka [Positive psychology: A science of human happiness, health, strength, and values]. Warsaw, Poland: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN.
Czerw, A. (2011). Psychologia pozytywna i jej rozwój w Polsce [Positive psychology and its development in Poland]. Psychologia Jakości Życia, 10(1), 1-6.
Diaz, D., Rodriguez-Carvajal, R., Blanco, A., Moreno-Jimenez, B., Gallardo, I., Valle, C., & van Dierendonck, D. (2006). Spanish adaptation of the Psychological Well-Being Scales (PWBS). Psicothema, 18(3), 572-577.
Diener, E. (1984). Subjective well-being. Psychological Bulletin, 95(3), 542-575.
Diener, E. (2000). Subjective well-being: The science of happiness and a proposal for a national index. American Psychologist, 55(1), 34-43.
Diener, E., Emmons, R. A., Larsen, R. J., & Griffin, S. (1985). The Satisfaction With Life Scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 49, 71-75.
Fernandes, H. M., Vasconcelos-Raposo, J., & Teixeira, C. M. (2010). Preliminary analysis of the psychometric properties of Ryff’s Scales of Psychological Well-Being in Portuguese adolescents. The Spanish Journal of Psychology, 13(2), 1032-1043.
Forgeard, M. J. C., Jayawickreme, E., Kern, M., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2011). Doing the right thing: Measuring wellbeing for public policy. International Journal of Wellbeing, 1(1), 79-106.
Fronczyk, K., Skrzyński, W., & Cieciuch, J. (2012). Polska adaptacja The Social Desirability Scale-17 (SDS-17) [A Polish adaptation of the Social Desirability Scale-17 (SDS-17)]. Unpublished materials.
Goldberg, L. R., Johnson, J. A., Eber, H. W., Hogan, R., Ashton, M. C., Cloninger, C. R., & Gough, H. G. (2006). The International Personality Item Pool and the future of public-domain personality measures. Journal of Research in Personality, 40(1), 84-96.
Heidrich, S. M., & Ryff, C. D. (1993). Physical and mental health in later life: The self-system as mediator. Psychology and Aging, 8, 327-338.
Heszen-Niejodek, I. (1996). Jakość życia w badaniach psychologicznych [Quality of life in psychological research]. Śląskie Studia Historyczno-Teologiczne, 29, 251-255.
Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6(1), 1-55.
James, J. B., & Zarrett N. (2005). Ego integrity in the lives of older women: A follow-up of mothers from the Sears, Maccoby, and Levin (1951) Patterns of Child Rearing Study. Journal of Adult Development, 12, 155-167.
Juczyński, Z. (2001). Narzędzia pomiaru w promocji zdrowia [Measurement instruments in health promotion]. Warsaw, Poland: Psychological Test Laboratory of the Polish Psychological Association.
Kafka, G. J., & Kozma, A. (2002). The construct validity of Ryff’s Scales of Psychological Well- -Being (SPWB) and their relationship to measures of subjective well-being. Social Indicators Research, 57, 171-190.
Kállay, É., & Rus, C. (2014). Psychometric properties of the 44-item version of Ryff’s Psychological Well-Being Scale. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 30(1), 15-21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000163.
Karaś, D., Najderska, M., & Cieciuch, J. (2013, May). Polish adaptation of Keyes’s Social Well- -Being Scale. Paper presented at the 1st International Congress on Positive Psychology in Sopot, Poland.
Keyes, C. L. M. (1998). Social well-being. Social Psychology Quarterly, 61, 121-140.
Kim, M. S., Kim, H. W., Cha, K, H., & Lim, J. (2007). What makes Koreans Happy? Exploration on the structure of happy life among Korean adults. Social Indicators Research, 82, 265-286.
Kitamura, T., Yasuko, K., Gatayama, R., Matsuoka, T., Miura, S., & Yamaba, K. (2004). Ryff’s Psychological Well-Being Inventory: Factorial structure and life history correlates among Japanese university students. Psychological Reports, 94, 83-103. Retrieved from: http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.94.1.83-103.
Koniarek, J., Dudek, B., & Makowska, Z. (1993). Kwestionariusz Orientacji Życiowej. Adaptacja The Sense of Coherence Questionnaire (SOC) A. Antonovsky’ego [The Life Orientation Questionnaire: Adaptation of A. Antonovsky’s Sense of Coherence Questionnaire (SOC)]. Przegląd Psychologiczny, 36, 491-502.
Kossakowska, M. (2014). Positive psychology in Poland – Introduction. Polish Psychological Bulletin, 45(2), 101-102.
Krok, D. (2009). Religijność a jakość życia w perspektywie mediatorów psychospołecznych [Religiosity and quality of life in the perspective of psychosocial mediators]. Opole, Poland: Faculty of Theology Press, University of Opole.
Liebkind, K., & Jasinskaja-Lahti, I. (2000). Acculturation and psychological well-being among immigrant adolescents in Finland. Journal of Adolescent Research, 15(4), 446-469.
Lin, C.-C. (2015). Validation of the Psychological Well-Being Scale for use in Taiwan. Social Behavior and Personality, 43(5), 867-874.
Lindfors, P., Berntsson, L., & Lundberg, U. (2006). Factor structure of Ryff’s Psychological well- -being scales in Swedish female and male white-collar workers. Personality and Individual Differences, 40, 1213-1222.
Lopez, S. J., & Snyder, C. R. (2011). The Oxford handbook of positive psychology. Second edition. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Łaguna, M., Lachowicz-Tabaczek, K., & Dzwonkowska, I. (2007). Skala samooceny SES Morrisa Rosenberga – polska adaptacja metody [Morris Rosenberg’s Self-Esteem Scale – A Polish adaptation]. Psychologia Społeczna, 2(02/04), 164-176.
Marsh, H. W., Hau, K.-T., & Wen, Z. (2004). In search of golden rules: Comment on hypothesis- -testing approaches to setting cutoff values for fit indexes and dangers in overgeneralizing Hu and Bentler’s (1999) findings. Structural Equation Modeling, 11(3), 320-341.
Nišević, S., & Cigić, D. (2013). Ryff's Psychological Well-Being Scales: Factor structure of Serbian version. Current Topics in Neurology, Psychiatry & Borderline Disciplines, 21(2/4), 8-17.
Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the adolescent self-image. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2001). On happiness and human potentials: A review of research on hedonic and eudaimonic well-being. Annual Review of Psychology, 52, 141-166.
Ryff, C. D. (1989). Happiness is everything, or is it? Explorations on the meaning of psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57, 1069-1081.
Ryff, C. D. (2008). Challenges and opportunities at the interface of aging, personality, and well- -being. In O. P. John, R. W. Robins, & L. A. Pervin (Eds.), Handbook of personality: Theory and research. New York, Guilford Press, 399-418.
Ryff, C. D. (2014). Psychological well-being revisited: Advances in the science and practice of eudaimonia. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 83(1), 10-28.
Ryff, C. D., & Keyes, C. L. M. (1995). The structure of psychological well-being revisited. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69(4), 719-727.
Salama-Younes, M., Ismaïl, A., Montazeri, A., & Roncin, C. (2011). Factor structure of the French Ryff's Psychological Well-Being Scales for active older adults. In I. Brdar (Eds.), The human pursuit of well-being: A cultural approach (pp. 203-212). New York: Springer Science + Business Media.
Šarotar, Ž., Treven, S., & Čančer, V. (2015). Employees in Slovenia and their psychological well-being based on Ryff's model of psychological well-being. Social Indicators Research, 121(2), 483-502.
Seligman, M. E. P. (2002). Authentic happiness. New York: Free Press.
Seligman, M. E. P. (2011). Flourish: A visionary new understanding of happiness and well-being. New York: Free Press.
Sirigatti, S., Stefanile, C., Giannetti, E., Iani, L., Penzo, I., & Mazzeschi, A. (2009). Assessment of factor structure of Ryff’s Psychological Well-Being Scales in Italian adolescents. Bollettino di Psicologia Applicata, 259, 30-50.
Springer, K. W., & Hauser, R. M. (2006). An assessment of the construct validity of Ryff’s Scales of Psychological Well-Being: Method, mode, and measurement effects. Social Science Research, 35, 1080-1102.
Stöber, J. (2001). The Social Desirability Scale-17. Convergent validity, discriminant validity, and relationship with age. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 17(3), 222-232.
Strauser, D. R., Lustig D. C., & Çıftçı, A. (2008). Psychological well-being: Its relation to work personality, vocational identity, and career thoughts. The Journal of Psychology, 142, 21-35.
Strus, W., Cieciuch, J., & Rowiński, T. (2014). Polska adaptacja kwestionariusza IPIP-BFM-50 do pomiaru pięciu cech osobowości w ujęciu leksykalnym [The Polish adaptation of the IPIP-BFM-50 questionnaire for measuring five personality traits in the lexical approach]. Roczniki Psychologiczne, 17(2), 327-346.
Trzebińska, E. (2008). Psychologia pozytywna [Positive psychology]. Warsaw, Poland: Wydawnictwa Akademickie i Profesjonalne.
Van Dierendonck, D. (2004). The construct validity of Ryff’s scales of psychological well-being and its extension with spiritual well-being. Personality and Individual Differences, 36, 629-643.
Vleioras, G., & Bosma, H. A. (2005). Are identity styles important for psychological well-being? Journal of Adolescence, 28, 397-409.
Waterman, A. S., Schwartz, S. J., Zamboanga, B. L., Ravert, R. D., Williams, M. K., Agocha, V. B., Kim, S. Y., & Donnellan, M. B. (2010). The Questionnaire for Eudaimonic Well-Being: Psychometric properties, demographic comparisons, and evidence of validity. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 5(1), 41-61.
WHO. World Health Organization (1948). Constitution of the World Health Organization. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/governance/eb/who_constitution_en.pdf.
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