Awareness of Narrative Identity and Selected Aspects of Narrative Activity and Meaning-Making. Preliminary Results

Abstrakt

Narrative identity allows various experiences to be integrated and incorporated into the concept of the self. Recent studies indicate that being aware of developing the story about the self that brings cohesion and meaning may be adaptive. This paper presents preliminary findings across three studies (two quantitative methods and one mixed) aimed at exploring the phenomenon of awareness of narrative identity in terms of its relations to other aspects of narrative identity and meaning-making (meaning in life, self-esteem, and post-traumatic growth). The total number of participants in all studies was 840 (N1 = 254, N2 = 424, N3 = 162). The results indicate that stronger awareness of narrative identity is related to higher self-narrative inclination and reflexivity and may be adaptive in terms of meaning-making and coping with traumatic events. People who were more aware of a narrative identity produced more elaborated and coherent self-narratives about an important past relationship. Additionally, they had a stronger tendency to integrate these past experiences with a sense of self-identity. Surprisingly, awareness of narrative identity was not related to self-esteem. These findings are discussed in terms of narrative identity literature. Moreover, possible directions for further studies to expand our understanding of awareness of narrative identity are proposed.

Bibliografia

Antonovsky, A. (1995). Rozwikłanie tajemnicy zdrowia. Jak radzić sobie ze stresem i nie zachorować [Unravelling the Mystery of Health: How People Manage Stress and Stay Well]. Wydawnictwo Fundacja IPN.

Adler, J. M. (2012). Living into the story: Agency and coherence in a longitudinal study of narrative identity development and mental health over the course of psychotherapy. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 102(2), 367–389. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0025289

Adler, J.M., Waters, T.E.A., Poh, J., & Seitz, S., (2018). The nature of narrative coherence: An empirical approach. Journal of Research in Personality, 74, 30–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2018.01.001

Baerger, D. R., & McAdams, D. P. (1999). Life story coherence and its relation to psychological well-being. Narrative Inquiry, 9, 69–96. https://doi.org/10.1075/ni.9.1.05bae

Blagov, P., Berry, M., Oost, K. M., & Singer, J. A. (2013). Self-defining memories, scripts, and the life story: narrative identity in personality and psychotherapy. Journal of Personality, 81(6), 569–82. https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.12005

Bluck, S., & Habermas, T. (2000). The life story schema. Motivation and Emotion, 24(2), 121–147. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005615331901

Chang, E. C. (1996). Cultural differences in optimism, pessimism, and coping: Predictors of subsequent adjustment in Asian American and Caucasian American college students. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 43(1), 113–123. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.43.1.113

Chen, Y., McAnally, H. M., Wang, Q., & Reese, E. (2012). The coherence of critical event narratives and adolescents’ psychological functioning. Memory, 20, 667–681. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2012.693934

Greenberg, L. S., & Angus, L. E. (2004). The contributions of emotion processes to narrative change in psychotherapy: A dialectical construc- tivist approach. In L. Angus & J. McLeod (Eds.), The handbook of narrative and psychotherapy: Practice, theory and research (pp. 331–350). Sage Press.

Górska, D., & Soroko, E. (2017). Between verbalization and reflection: Referential activity and narrative processes in borderline personality organization. Psychoanalytic Psychology, 34(4), 422–433. https://doi.org/10.1037/pap0000117

Habermas, T., & Bluck, S. (2000). Getting a life: The emergence of the life story in adolescence. Psychological Bulletin, 126(5), 748–769. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.126.5.748

Habermas, T., & Köber, C. (2015). Autobiographical reasoning in life narratives buffers the effect of biographical disruptions on the sense of self-continuity. Memory, 23(5), 664–674. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2014.920885

Hallford, D. J., & Mellor, D. (2015). Development and validation of the Awareness of Narrative Identity Questionnaire (ANIQ). Assessment, 24(3), 399–413. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073191115607046

Hallford, D. J., & Mellor, D. (2016). Brief reminiscence activities improve state well-being and self-concept in young adults: A randomised controlled experiment. Memory, 24(10), 1311–1320. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2015.1103875

Hallford, D. J., Ricarte, J. J., & Hermans, D. (2021a). Perceived autobiographical coherence predicts depressive symptoms over time through positive self-concept. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 25429. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.625429

Hallford, D. J., Hardgrove, S., Sanam, M., Oliveira, S., Pilon, M., & Duran, T. (2021b). Remembering for resilience: Brief cognitive-reminiscence therapy improves psychological resources and mental well-being in young adults. Preprint.

Kossakowska, M., Kwiatek, P., & Stefaniak, T. (2013). Sens w życiu. Polska wersja kwestionariusza MLQ (Meaning in Life Questionnaire) [Meaning in life. The Polish version of the MLQ]. Psychologia Jakości Życia, 12(2), 111–131. https://doi.org/10.5604/16441796.1090786

Łaguna, M., Lachowicz-Tabaczek, K., & Dzwonkowska, I. (2007). Skala samooceny SES Morrisa Rosenberga – polska adaptacja metody [Morris Rosenberg’s Self-Esteem Scale: The Polish adaptation]. Psychologia Społeczna, 4, 164–176.

McAdams, D. P. (2001). The psychology of life stories. Review of General Psychology, 5(2), 100–122. https://doi.org/10.1037/1089-2680.5.2.100

McAdams, D. P. (2006). The role of narrative in personality psychology today. Narrative Inquiry, 16(1), 11–18. https://doi.org/10.1075/ni.16.1.04mca

McAdams, D. P., & McLean, K. C. (2013). Narrative identity. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 22(3), 233–238. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721413475622

McLean, K. C., & Breen, A. V. (2009). Processes and content of narrative identity development in adolescence: Gender and well-being. Developmental Psychology, 45, 702–710. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0015207

McLean, K. C., & Pratt, M. W. (2006). Life’s little (and big) lessons: Identity statuses and meaning-making in the turning point narratives of emerging adults. Developmental Psychology, 42(4), 714–722. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.42.4.714

Mitchell, C., Reese, E., Salmon, K., & Jose, P. (2020). Narrative coherence, psychopathology, and wellbeing: Concurrent and longitudinal findings in a mid-adolescent sample. Journal of Adolescence, 79, 16–25 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2019.12.003

Nolen-Hoeksema, S., Wisco, B.E., & Lyubomirsky, S. (2008). Rethinking rumination. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 3, 400–419. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6924.2008.00088.x

Oleś, P. K. (2004). Konstruowanie autonarracji – refleksja teoretyczna [Constructing a self-narrative: A theoretical reflection]. In E. Dryll & A. Cierpka (Eds.), Narracja. Koncepcje i badania psychologiczne (pp. 197–206). Wydawnictwo Instytutu Psychologii PAN.

Pals, J. L. (2006a). Authoring a second chance in life: Emotion and transformational processing within narrative identity. Research in Human Development, 3(2¬–3), 101–120. https://doi.org/10.1080/15427609.2006.9683364

Pals, J. L. (2006b). The narrative identity processing of difficult life experiences: Pathways of personality development and positive self-transformation in adulthood. Journal of Personality, 74, 1080–1109. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2006.00403.x

Pasupathi, M., & Mansour, E. (2006). Adult age differences in autobiographical reasoning in narratives. Developmental Psychology, 42(5), 798–808. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.42.5.798

Radoń, S. (2014). Kwestionariusz Ruminacji-Refleksyjności (Polska adaptacja The Rumination-Reflection Scale) [Construction and validation of the Polish version of the Rumination-Reflection Questionnaire]. Psychoterapia, 2, 61–72.

Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the adolescent self-image. Princeton University Press.

Sevim, E., & Otrar, M. (2021). The validity and reliability of Turkish version of Awareness of Narrative Identity Questionnaire (ANIQ). Kastamonu Eğitim Dergisi, 29(3), 769–777. https://doi.org/10.24106/kefdergi.882170

Sęk, H. (2001). Orientacja patogenetyczna i salutogenetyczna w psychologii klinicznej [Pathogenetic and salutogenetic orientation in clinical psychology]. In H. Sęk (Ed.), Psychologia kliniczna. Tom 1 (pp. 39–54). Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN.

Singer, J. A., & Bluck, S. (2001). New perspectives on autobiographical memory: The integration of narrative processing and autobiographical reasoning. Review of General Psychology, 5(2), 91–99. https://doi.org/10.1037/1089-2680.5.2.91

Soroko, E. (2013a). Kwestionariusz Inklinacji Autonarracyjnej (IAN-R) – pomiar skłonności do narracyjnego opracowywania i relacjonowania doświadczenia [The Self-narrative Inclination Questionnaire: Measuring the tendency to narrative elaboration and narrative reporting of experience]. Studia Psychologiczne, 51, 5–18.

Soroko, E. (2013b). Self-narrative analysis methods in clinical diagnosis: The example of paranoid personality disorder. Roczniki Psychologiczne, 16(1), 37-62.

Soroko, E. (2014). Aktywność autonarracyjna osób z różnym poziomem organizacji osobowości. Opowieści o bliskich związkach [Self-narrratives of people with various levels of personality organisation. Narratives about intimate relationships]. Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM.

Soroko, E., Janowicz, K., Frąckowiak, A., & Siatka, A. (2019). Polska wersja kwestionariusza do badania świadomości tożsamości narracyjnej [The Polish version of the Awareness of Narrative Identity Questionnaire: ANIQ-PL]. Polskie Forum Psychologiczne, 24(4), 477–497. https://doi.org/10.14656/PFP20190406

Soroko, E., & Majchrzak, P. (2020). Studies on self-narrative activity: The self-report and verbal expression. Journal of Constructivist Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1080/10720537.2020.1739581

Steger, M. F., Frazier, P., Oishi, S., & Kaler, M. (2006). The Meaning in Life Questionnaire: Assessing the presence of and search for meaning in life. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 53(1), 80–93. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.53.1.80

Suchanska, A., & Ligocka, M. (2011). Inklinacja narracyjna a złożoność Ja i tożsamość [Narrative inclination vs self-complexity and identity]. Studia Psychologiczne, 49(2), 19–34.

Trapnell, P. D., & Campbell, J. D. (1999). Private self-consciousness and the five-factor model of personality: Distinguishing rumination from reflection. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 76(2), 284–304. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.76.2.284

Opublikowane
2022-09-02
Dział
Artykuły