Markery Wielkiej Szóstki polskiego leksykonu postrzeganych cech osobowości innych osób
Abstract
Badania percepcji cech osobowości innych osób mają charakter marginalny w psychologii osobowości i z reguły wykorzystują narzędzia opracowane na potrzeby badań samoopisowych (self-rating). Z kolei w psychologii społecznej pomiary najczęściej ograniczają się do dwóch podstawowych wymiarów postrzegania społecznego. Opierając się na wcześniejszych polskich badaniach psycholeksykalnych postrzeganych cech osobowości innych (peer-rating), wyodrębniono 6-czynnikową strukturę przymiotników dyspozycyjnych, odmienną od struktury uzyskiwanej w badaniach samoopisowych. Celem relacjonowanych w tym artykule badań było skonstruowanie narzędzia umożliwiającego pomiar markerów Wielkiej Szóstki polskiego leksykonu postrzeganych cech osobowości, ustalenie właściwości psychometrycznych opracowanych skal oraz identyfikacja ich najważniejszych korelatów. W badaniach wzięły udział 383 osoby w wieku 16-83 lata. Lista składająca się z 48 przymiotników pozwala na pomiar „osiowych” cech polskiego leksykonu, czyli Ugodowości, Impulsywności, Sumienności, Ekstrawersji, Odporności i Intelektu. Współczynniki zgodności wewnętrznej i stabilności bezwzględnej osiągnęły satysfakcjonujące wartości powyżej 0,80 dla każdej z opracowanych skal.
References
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Caprara, G. V., Barbaranelli, C. i Zimbardo, P. G. (2002). When parsimony subdues distinctiveness: Simplified public perceptions of politicians’ personality. Political Psychology, 23(1), 77-95.
Costa, P. T., Jr., McCrae, R. R. i Dye, D. A. (1991). Facet scales for Agreeableness and Conscientiousness: A revision of the NEO Personality Inventory. Personality and Individual Differences, 12(9), 887-898.
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De Vries, R. E., Lee, K. i Ashton, M. C. (2008). The Dutch HEXACO Personality Inventory: Psychometric properties, self-other agreement, and relations with psychopathy among low and high acquaintanceship dyads. Journal of Personality Assessment, 90(2), 142-151.
Di Blas, L. i Forzi, M. (1998). An alternative taxonomic study of personality – descriptive adjectives in the Italian language. European Journal of Personality, 12(2), 75-101.
Donnellan, M. B., Oswald, F. L., Baird, B. M. i Lucas, R. E. (2006). The mini-IPIP Scales: Tiny-yet-effective measures of the Big Five factors of personality. Psychological Assessment, 18(2), 192.
Everett, J. E. (1983). Factor comparability as a means of determining the number of factors and their rotation. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 18(2), 197-218.
Fiske, D. W. (1949). Consistency of the factorial structures of personality ratings from different sources. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 44(3), 329-344.
Fiske, S. T., Cuddy, A. J. C. i Glick, P. (2007). Universal dimensions of social cognition: Warmth and Competence. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 11(2), 77-83.
Goldberg, L. R. (1981). Language and individual differences: The search for universals in per-sonality lexicons. W: L. Wheeler (red.), Review of personality and social psychology (t. 2, s. 141-165). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
Goldberg, L. R. (1990). An alternative “description of personality”: The Big-Five factor structure. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 59(6), 1216-1229.
Goldberg, L. R. (1992). The development of markers for the Big Five factor structure. Psychological Assessment, 4(1), 26-42.
Gorbaniuk, O., Budzińska, A., Owczarek, M., Bożek, E. i Juros, K. (2013). The factor structure of Polish personality-descriptive adjectives: An alternative psycho-lexical study. European Journal of Personality, 27(3), 304-318.
Gorbaniuk, O., Czarnecka, E. i Chmurzyńska, M. (2011). Taxonomy of person-descriptive terms in Polish: A psycho-lexical study. Current Problems of Psychiatry, 12(1), 100-106.
Gorbaniuk, O., Czarnecka, E., Kowalska, M., Budzińska, A., Woźny, M., Zygnerska, M., Razmus, W., Szczepańska, N., Bożek E., i Juros, K. (2011). Dychotomia percepcji społecznej a struktura atrybucji dyspozycji z perspektywy podejścia leksykalnego w teorii cech. Referat wygłoszony na VIII Zjeździe Polskiego Stowarzyszenia Psychologii Społecznej, Poznań.
Gorbaniuk, O. i Omiotek, M. (2011). Taksonomia leksykalna skojarzeń i struktura dyspozycji przypisywanych krajom. Psychologia Społeczna, 6(4), 330-350.
Gorbaniuk, O., Toczyńska, M., Osiak, A. i Szostak, A. (2012). Taksonomia leksykalna skojarzeń i struktura postrzegania konsumentów marek. W: M. Górnik-Durose i M. Zawadzka (red.), W supermarkecie szczęścia. O różnorodności zachowań konsumenckich w kontekście jakości życia (s. 159-186). Warszawa: Difin.
Gosling, S. D., Kwan, V. i John, O. (2003). A dog’s got personality: A cross-species comparative approach to personality judgments in dogs and humans. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85(6), 1161-1169.
Gosling, S. D., Rentfrow, P. J. i Swann Jr., W. B. (2003). A very brief measure of the Big-Five personality domains. Journal of Research in Personality, 37(6), 504-528.
Lee, K. i Ashton, M. C. (2006). Further assessment of the HEXACO Personality Inventory: Two new facet scales and an observer report form. Psychological Assessment, 18(2), 182-191.
Livosky, M., Stevens, L. B., Hoff, R. i Surawski, M. (2012). Personality and music preferences in college students and young children. Psychology Journal, 9(1), 13-25.
Lorenzo-Seva, U. i ten Berge, J. M. (2006). Tucker’s congruence coefficient as a meaningful index of factor similarity. Methodology: European Journal of Research Methods for the Behavioral and Social Sciences, 2(2), 57-64.
McCrae, R. R. i Costa, P. T. (1987). Validation of the Five-Factor Model of personality across instruments and observers. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52(1), 81-90.
Mlačić, B. i Ostendorf, F. (2005). Taxonomy and structure of Croatian personality – descriptive adjectives. European Journal of Personality, 19(2), 117-152.
Norman, W. T. (1963). Toward an adequate taxonomy of personality attributes: Replicated factor structure in peer nomination personality ratings. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 66(6), 574-583.
Peabody, D. i Goldberg, L. R. (1989). Some determinants of factor structures from personality-trait descriptors. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57(3), 552-567.
Saucier, G. (1994). Separating description and evaluation in the structure of personality attributes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66(1), 141-154.
Saucier, G., Hampson, S. E. i Goldberg, L. R. (2000). Cross-language studies of lexical personality factors. W: S. E. Hampson (red.), Advances in personality psychology (t. 1, s. 1-36). East Sussex, UK: Psychology Press, Ltd.
Shweder, R. A. i D’Andrade, R. G. (1979). Accurate reflection or systematic distortion? A reply to Block, Weiss & Thorne. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 37(6), 1075-1084.
Singh, J. K., Misra, G. i De Raad, B. (2013). Personality structure in the trait lexicon of hindi, a major language spoken in India. European Journal of Personality, 27(6), 605-620.
Somer, O. i Goldberg, L. R. (1999). The structure of Turkish trait-descriptive adjectives. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 76(3), 431.
Szarota, P. (1995). Polska Lista Przymiotnikowa (PLP): narzędzie do diagnozy pięciu wielkich czynników osobowości. Studia Psychologiczne, 33(1-2), 227-256.
Terracciano, A., Abdel-Khalek, A. M., Adam, N., Adamovova, L., Ahn, C. K., Ahn, H. N. i Meshcheriakov, B. (2005). National character does not reflect mean personality trait levels in 49 cultures. Science, 310(5745), 96-100.
Tupes, E. C. (1960). Recurrent personality factors based on trait ratings by peers: Their validity for prediction and evaluation and their measurement for selection purposes. Zaczerpnięte 10 września 2010. Strona internetowa: www.icodap.org/papers/onr/onr-acr-60-1960-229-234.pdf
Wojciszke, B. (2000). Postawy i ich zmiana. W: J. Strelau (red.), Psychologia. Podręcznik akademicki (t. 3, s. 79-106). Gdańsk: GWP.
Wojciszke, B. (2005). Morality and competence in person and self-perception. European Review of Social Psychology, 16(5), 155-188.
Yarkoni, T. (2010). The abbreviation of personality, or how to measure 200 personality scales with 200 items. Journal of Research in Personality, 44(2), 180-198.
Zhou, X., Saucier, G., Gao, D. i Liu, J. (2009). The factor structure of Chinese personality terms. Journal of Personality, 77(2), 363-400.
Borkenau, P. (1992). Implicit personality theory and the Five-Factor Model. Journal of Personality, 60(2), 296-327.
Bosnjak, M., Bochmann, V. i Hufschmidt, T. (2007). Dimensions of brand personality attributions: A person-centric approach in the German cultural context. Social Behavior and Personality, 35(3), 303-316.
Caprara, G. V., Barbaranelli, C. i Zimbardo, P. G. (2002). When parsimony subdues distinctiveness: Simplified public perceptions of politicians’ personality. Political Psychology, 23(1), 77-95.
Costa, P. T., Jr., McCrae, R. R. i Dye, D. A. (1991). Facet scales for Agreeableness and Conscientiousness: A revision of the NEO Personality Inventory. Personality and Individual Differences, 12(9), 887-898.
De Raad, B., Barelds, D. P. H., Levert, E., Ostendorf, F., Mlačić, B., Blas, L. D., Hřebíčková, M., Szirmák, Z., Szarota, P., Perugini, M., Church, A. T. i Katigbak, M. S. (2010). Only three factors of personality description are fully replicable across languages: A comparison of 14 trait taxonomies. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 98(1), 160-173.
De Vries, R. E., Lee, K. i Ashton, M. C. (2008). The Dutch HEXACO Personality Inventory: Psychometric properties, self-other agreement, and relations with psychopathy among low and high acquaintanceship dyads. Journal of Personality Assessment, 90(2), 142-151.
Di Blas, L. i Forzi, M. (1998). An alternative taxonomic study of personality – descriptive adjectives in the Italian language. European Journal of Personality, 12(2), 75-101.
Donnellan, M. B., Oswald, F. L., Baird, B. M. i Lucas, R. E. (2006). The mini-IPIP Scales: Tiny-yet-effective measures of the Big Five factors of personality. Psychological Assessment, 18(2), 192.
Everett, J. E. (1983). Factor comparability as a means of determining the number of factors and their rotation. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 18(2), 197-218.
Fiske, D. W. (1949). Consistency of the factorial structures of personality ratings from different sources. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 44(3), 329-344.
Fiske, S. T., Cuddy, A. J. C. i Glick, P. (2007). Universal dimensions of social cognition: Warmth and Competence. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 11(2), 77-83.
Goldberg, L. R. (1981). Language and individual differences: The search for universals in per-sonality lexicons. W: L. Wheeler (red.), Review of personality and social psychology (t. 2, s. 141-165). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
Goldberg, L. R. (1990). An alternative “description of personality”: The Big-Five factor structure. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 59(6), 1216-1229.
Goldberg, L. R. (1992). The development of markers for the Big Five factor structure. Psychological Assessment, 4(1), 26-42.
Gorbaniuk, O., Budzińska, A., Owczarek, M., Bożek, E. i Juros, K. (2013). The factor structure of Polish personality-descriptive adjectives: An alternative psycho-lexical study. European Journal of Personality, 27(3), 304-318.
Gorbaniuk, O., Czarnecka, E. i Chmurzyńska, M. (2011). Taxonomy of person-descriptive terms in Polish: A psycho-lexical study. Current Problems of Psychiatry, 12(1), 100-106.
Gorbaniuk, O., Czarnecka, E., Kowalska, M., Budzińska, A., Woźny, M., Zygnerska, M., Razmus, W., Szczepańska, N., Bożek E., i Juros, K. (2011). Dychotomia percepcji społecznej a struktura atrybucji dyspozycji z perspektywy podejścia leksykalnego w teorii cech. Referat wygłoszony na VIII Zjeździe Polskiego Stowarzyszenia Psychologii Społecznej, Poznań.
Gorbaniuk, O. i Omiotek, M. (2011). Taksonomia leksykalna skojarzeń i struktura dyspozycji przypisywanych krajom. Psychologia Społeczna, 6(4), 330-350.
Gorbaniuk, O., Toczyńska, M., Osiak, A. i Szostak, A. (2012). Taksonomia leksykalna skojarzeń i struktura postrzegania konsumentów marek. W: M. Górnik-Durose i M. Zawadzka (red.), W supermarkecie szczęścia. O różnorodności zachowań konsumenckich w kontekście jakości życia (s. 159-186). Warszawa: Difin.
Gosling, S. D., Kwan, V. i John, O. (2003). A dog’s got personality: A cross-species comparative approach to personality judgments in dogs and humans. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85(6), 1161-1169.
Gosling, S. D., Rentfrow, P. J. i Swann Jr., W. B. (2003). A very brief measure of the Big-Five personality domains. Journal of Research in Personality, 37(6), 504-528.
Lee, K. i Ashton, M. C. (2006). Further assessment of the HEXACO Personality Inventory: Two new facet scales and an observer report form. Psychological Assessment, 18(2), 182-191.
Livosky, M., Stevens, L. B., Hoff, R. i Surawski, M. (2012). Personality and music preferences in college students and young children. Psychology Journal, 9(1), 13-25.
Lorenzo-Seva, U. i ten Berge, J. M. (2006). Tucker’s congruence coefficient as a meaningful index of factor similarity. Methodology: European Journal of Research Methods for the Behavioral and Social Sciences, 2(2), 57-64.
McCrae, R. R. i Costa, P. T. (1987). Validation of the Five-Factor Model of personality across instruments and observers. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52(1), 81-90.
Mlačić, B. i Ostendorf, F. (2005). Taxonomy and structure of Croatian personality – descriptive adjectives. European Journal of Personality, 19(2), 117-152.
Norman, W. T. (1963). Toward an adequate taxonomy of personality attributes: Replicated factor structure in peer nomination personality ratings. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 66(6), 574-583.
Peabody, D. i Goldberg, L. R. (1989). Some determinants of factor structures from personality-trait descriptors. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57(3), 552-567.
Saucier, G. (1994). Separating description and evaluation in the structure of personality attributes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66(1), 141-154.
Saucier, G., Hampson, S. E. i Goldberg, L. R. (2000). Cross-language studies of lexical personality factors. W: S. E. Hampson (red.), Advances in personality psychology (t. 1, s. 1-36). East Sussex, UK: Psychology Press, Ltd.
Shweder, R. A. i D’Andrade, R. G. (1979). Accurate reflection or systematic distortion? A reply to Block, Weiss & Thorne. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 37(6), 1075-1084.
Singh, J. K., Misra, G. i De Raad, B. (2013). Personality structure in the trait lexicon of hindi, a major language spoken in India. European Journal of Personality, 27(6), 605-620.
Somer, O. i Goldberg, L. R. (1999). The structure of Turkish trait-descriptive adjectives. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 76(3), 431.
Szarota, P. (1995). Polska Lista Przymiotnikowa (PLP): narzędzie do diagnozy pięciu wielkich czynników osobowości. Studia Psychologiczne, 33(1-2), 227-256.
Terracciano, A., Abdel-Khalek, A. M., Adam, N., Adamovova, L., Ahn, C. K., Ahn, H. N. i Meshcheriakov, B. (2005). National character does not reflect mean personality trait levels in 49 cultures. Science, 310(5745), 96-100.
Tupes, E. C. (1960). Recurrent personality factors based on trait ratings by peers: Their validity for prediction and evaluation and their measurement for selection purposes. Zaczerpnięte 10 września 2010. Strona internetowa: www.icodap.org/papers/onr/onr-acr-60-1960-229-234.pdf
Wojciszke, B. (2000). Postawy i ich zmiana. W: J. Strelau (red.), Psychologia. Podręcznik akademicki (t. 3, s. 79-106). Gdańsk: GWP.
Wojciszke, B. (2005). Morality and competence in person and self-perception. European Review of Social Psychology, 16(5), 155-188.
Yarkoni, T. (2010). The abbreviation of personality, or how to measure 200 personality scales with 200 items. Journal of Research in Personality, 44(2), 180-198.
Zhou, X., Saucier, G., Gao, D. i Liu, J. (2009). The factor structure of Chinese personality terms. Journal of Personality, 77(2), 363-400.
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