Forever (Un)stable Regimes? The Comparison of Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan

Peter Plenta

doi:10.18290/rns.2015.7(43).1-3

Peter Plenta International University of Sarajevo

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18290/rns.2015.7(43).1-3

Słowa kluczowe: Kazachstan; Kirgistan; instytucje polityczne; gospodarka; bezpieczeństwo

Abstrakt

Wiecznie (nie)stabilne systemy? Porównanie Kazachstanu i Kirgistanu

Drogi przemian politycznych, stabilności i przywództwa są różne w przypadku Kazachstanu i Kirgistanu. Z jednej strony, prezydent Kazachstanu N. Nazarbajew z powodzeniem poradził sobie ze skalą problemów dotykających jego państwo, z drugiej strony, w latach 2005-2010 Kirgistan znalazł się na etapie protestów, rewolucji i niestabilności. W celu wyjaśnienia różnic między systemami politycznymi tych dwóch państw, autor skupia się w niniejszym artykule na trzech wymiarach: politycznym, ekonomicznym i poziomie bezpieczeństwa. Pomimo ogromnej różnicy ekonomicznej między tymi państwami, prezydenci Kirgistanu mogą być postrzegani jako skuteczni w utrzymywaniu swojej pozycji. Jednak, mimo korzystania z podobnych narzędzi (zasobów) – jak w Kazachstanie – w kwestiach politycznych i bezpieczeństwa, niemal w całej historii niepodległego Kirgistanu budowa efektywnego państwa nie została zrealizowana w sposób pomyślny.

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