Chrześcijański naturalizm

Michał Heller

Michał Heller Papieska Akademia Teologiczna w Krakowie

Słowa kluczowe: natura, naturalizm, monizm, racjonalizm, Transcendencja

Abstrakt

The moment a notion becomes fashionable its meaning becomes unclear. This also concerns the notion of `naturalism'. After reminding briefly of the evolution of the notion, some of the sources are discussed of contemporary naturalistic tendencies in philosophy of science and current interpretations of scientific theories. One of the characteristic features of contemporary naturalism is a strong tendency to monistic interpretations. This seems to be in drastic opposition to metaphysical and theological dualism connected with the Christian view of the world. But does this view really force this kind of dualism on it followers? The article presents various contemporary views of this problem with a particular stress on the discussion that has been going on around the question of “God's action in the world”. During these polemics the notions of bottom-up causality and top-down causality have been broadly discussed. The author of the article suggests a certain philosophical hypothesis that allows overcoming the controversy between monism and dualism making by that very fact contemporary naturalistic tendencies not objectionable for followers of the Christian view of the world.

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