The location of personality disorders in the Circumplex of Personality Metatraits

Bogdan Zawadzki

doi:10.18290/rpsych.2017.20.2-7en

Bogdan Zawadzki University of Warsaw, The Robert B. Zajonc Institute for Social Studies

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18290/rpsych.2017.20.2-7en

Keywords: five-factor model of personality; Circumplex of Personality Metatraits; personality disorders; Personality Beliefs Questionnaire (PBQ); SCID-II; TALEIA-400A

Abstract

The aim of the paper was to characterize personality disorders in terms of the dimensions of the Circumplex of Personality Metatraits (CPM) developed by Strus, Cieciuch, and Rowiński. It was expected that personality disorders characterized by the profiles of traits from the five-factor model of personality (FFM) would be located in the sector delimited by poles Gamma- and Delta- and including pole Alfa-. The author analyzed data collected in a sample of 2,284 subjects tested by means of the NEO-FFI and three other instruments: the Personality Beliefs Questionnaire, the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis II Disorders (SCID-II), and the TALEIA-400A questionnaire (Test for AxiaL Evaluation and Interview for Clinical, Personnel, and Guidance Applications) for the assessment of personality disorders as well as compared them with the data from the meta-analysis by Saulsman and Page (2004) concerning the relations between personality disorders and FFM traits. The obtained correlations confirmed the research expectations. In Discussion, the author points out the heuristic value of the CPM for differentiating the norm from pathologies, which includes the differential diagnosis of personality disorders.

References

American Psychiatric Association (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (wyd. 4). Washington, DC: Autor.

American Psychiatric Association (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (wyd. 5) Washington, DC: Autor.

Asendorpf, J. B., Borkenau, P., Ostendorf, F. i Van Aken M. A. G. (2001). Carving personality description as its joints: Confirmation of three replicable personality prototypes for both children and adults. European Journal of Personality, 15, 169-198.

Ashton, M. C., Lee, K., Goldberg, L. R. i de Vries, R. E. (2009). Higher order factors of personality: Do they exist? Personality and Social Psychology Review, 13, 79-91.

Beck, A. T., Butler, A. C., Brown, G. K., Dahslgaard, K. K., Newman, C. F. i Beck, J. S. (2001). Dysfunctional beliefs discriminate personality disorders. Behavioral Research and Therapy, 39, 1213-1225.

Boncori, L. (2007). TALEIA-400A: Test for AxiaL Evaluation and Interview for clinical, personnel, and guidance Applications – Manual. Trento: Erickson.

DeYoung, C. G. (2014). Cybernetic Big Five Theory. Journal of Research in Personality. Advance online publication. dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2014.07.004

DeYoung, C. G., Peterson, J. B. i Higgins, D. M. (2002). Higher-order factors of the Big Five predict conformity: Are there neuroses of health? Personality and Individual Differences, 33, 533-552.

DeYoung, C. G., Peterson, J. B., Séguin, J. R. i Tremblay, R. E. (2008). Externalizing behavior and the higher order factors of the Big Five. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 117, 947-953.

Digman, J. M. (1997). Higher-order factors of the Big Five. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 73, 1246-1256.

First, M. B., Gibbon, M., Spitzer, R. L., Williams, J. B. W. i Benjamin, L. S. (2010). Ustrukturalizowany Wywiad Kliniczny do Badania Zaburzeń Osobowości z Osi II DSM-IV. SCID II. Warszawa: Pracownia Testów Psychologicznych PTP.

McCrae, R. R. i Costa, P. T., Jr. (2005). Osobowość człowieka dorosłego. Kraków: Wydawnictwo WAM.

Musek, J. (2007). A general factor of personality: Evidence for the Big One in the five-factor model. Journal of Research in Personality, 41, 1213-1233.

Oldham, J. M. (2014). Personality disorders recent history and new directions. W: J. M. Oldham, A. E. Skodol i D. S. Bender (red.), Textbook of personality disorders (wyd. 2). Arlington: American Psychiatric Publishing.

Oldham, J. M., Skodol, A. E. i Bender, D. S. (red.) (2014). Texbook of personality disorders (wyd. 2). Arlington: American Psychiatric Publishing.

Revelle, W. i Wilt, J. (2013). The general factor of personality: A general critique. Journal of Research in Personality, 47, 493-504.

Rushton, J. P., Bons, T. A. i Hur, Y.-M. (2008). The genetics and evolution of the general factor of personality. Journal of Research in Personality, 42, 1173-1185.

Rushton, J. P. i Irwing, P. (2009). A General Factor of Personality in 16 sets of the Big Five, the Guilford-Zimmerman Temperament Survey, the California Psychological Inventory, and the Temperament and Character Inventory. Personality and Individual Differences, 47, 558-564.

Saulsman, L. M. i Page, A. C. (2004). The five-factor model and personality disorder empirical literature: A meta-analytic review. Clinical Psychology Review, 23, 1055-1085.

Strus, W., Cieciuch, J. i Rowiński, T. (2014). The Circumplex of Personality Metatraits: A synthesizing model of personality based on the Big Five. Review of General Psychology, 18, 273-286.

Widiger, T. A. i Trull, T. J. (1992). Personality and psychopathology: An application of the Five-Factor Model. Journal of Personality, 60, 363-393.

Widiger, T. A. i Trull, T. J. (2007). Plate tectonics in the classification of personality disorders. Shifting to a dimensional model. American Psychologist, 62, 71-83.

World Health Organization, WHO (2009). International statistical classification of diseases and related health problems, 10th revision (ICD-10). Geneva: Autor.

Zawadzki, B. (2009). Pięcioczynnikowa Teoria Osobowości a zaburzenia psychiczne. W: J. Siuta (red.), Diagnoza osobowości. Inwentarz NEO-PI-R w teorii i praktyce (s. 220-237). Warszawa: Pracownia Testów Psychologicznych Polskiego Towarzystwa Psychologicznego.

Zawadzki, B. (2016). Gamma i Delta w ujęciu Kołowego Modelu Metacech a przekonania w zaburzeniach osobowości. W: A. Rynkiewicz, K. Jankowski i W. Oniszczenko (red.), Wybrane metody i paradygmaty badawcze w psychologii (s. 203-220). Warszawa: Wyd. Naukowe Scholar.

Zawadzki, B., Popiel, A., Pragłowska, E., Newman, C. (2017). Specyfika dezaptacyjnych przekonań w zaburzeniach osobowości: charakterystyka psychometryczna polskiej translacji i trawestacji Kwestionariusza Przekonań (Personality Beliefs Questionnaire). Roczniki Psychologiczne, 20(2), 337-354.

Zawadzki, B., Rozmysłowska, J., Nowocin, D., Popiel, A. i Pragłowska, E. (2012). Temperamentalna charakterystyka zaburzeń osobowości. Psychologia Etologia Genetyka, 25, 7-23.

Zawadzki, B. i Strelau, J. (2003). Identyfikacja trzech podstawowych prototypów osobowości w grupach polskich: próba reorientacji badań nad osobowością z koncepcji cech w koncepcję typów? Studia Psychologiczne, 41, 219-244.

Zawadzki, B. i Strelau, J. (2014). O (nie)trafności Ogólnego Czynnika Osobowości (GFP). Roczniki Psychologiczne, 17(2), 259-274.

Zawadzki, B., Strelau, J., Szczepaniak, P. i Śliwińska, M. (1998). Inwentarz osobowości NEO-FFI Costy i McCrae. Podręcznik do polskiej adaptacji. Warszawa: Pracownia Testów Psychologicznych PTP.