Is clinical theory needed in psychotherapy and what purpose doas it serve: Reflections on psychotherapy integration
Keywords:
psychotherapy integration; Gestalt; clinical theory
Abstract
The aim of this article is to reflect on the content, form, and meaning of so-called integrative psychotherapy. I analyze the contemporary shift towards integrative therapy in terms of several aspects: (1) its history: from an “unthinkable” approach to being recognized as almost the standard; (2) its current incarnations and meanings. Is the integrative approach possible without a paradigm to start out from, which is “home” for the therapist? (3) its future – the possible directions in which it is heading.
References
Barbaro, B., de (2010). Postmodernistyczna wizja integracji. In L. Grzesiuk & H. Suszek (Eds.), Psychoterapia. Integracja. Podręcznik akademicki (pp. 207-216). Warszawa: Eneteia. Wydawnictwo Psychologii Kultury.
Bauman, Z. (1995). Wieloznaczność nowoczesna. Nowoczesność wieloznaczna. Warsaw, PL: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN.
Bauman, Z. (2006). Płynna nowoczesność. Cracow, PL: Wydawnictwo Literackie.
Beck, A. T. (1976). Cognitive therapy and the emotional disorders. New York: New American Library.
Brzeziński, J. (1987). Metodologiczne i psychologiczne wyznaczniki procesu badawczego w Psychologii. Poznań: Adam Mickiewicz University Press.
Bowlby, J. (1969). Attachment. Attachment and loss. Vol. 1: Loss. New York: Basic Books.
Castonguay, L. C., Newman, M. G., Borkovec, T. D., Holtforth, M. G., & Maramba, G. G. (2005). Cognitive-behavioral assimilative integration. In J. C. Norcross & M. R. Goldfried (Eds.), Handbook of psychotherapy integration (pp. 241-262). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Chrząstowski, Sz., & de Barbaro, B. (2011). Postmodernistyczne inspiracje w psychoterapii. Cracow, PL: Jagiellonian University Press.
Czabała, Cz. (2007). Czynniki leczące w psychoterapii. Warsaw, PL: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN.
Drat-Ruszczak, K. (2000). Teorie osobowości – podejście psychodynamiczne i humanistyczne. In J. Strelau (Ed.), Psychologia. Podręcznik akademicki (pp. 601-652). Gdańsk: Gdańskie Wydawnictwo Psychologiczne.
Drat-Ruszczak, K. (2004). Psychoanaliza i społeczna psychologia poznawcza: Wspólna perspektywa badawcza? In M. Fajkowska-Stanik, K. Drat-Ruszczak, & M. Marszał-Wiśniewska (Eds.), Pułapki metodologiczne w badaniach empirycznych z zakresu psychologii klinicznej (pp. 71-89). Warsaw, PL: “Academica,” University of Social Sciences and Humanities.
Ellis, A. (1999). Terapia krótko-terminowa. Lepiej, głębiej, trwalej. Gdańsk: Gdańskie Wydawnictwo Psychologiczne.
Foa, E. B., Hembree, E., & Rothbaum, B. O. (2007). Prolonged exposure therapy for PTSD: Emotional processing of traumatic experiences. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Fonagy, P., & Bateman A. W. (2006). Mechanisms of change in mentalization-based treatment of BPD. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 62(4), 411-430.
Fonagy, P., Gergely, G., Jurist, E., & Target, M. (2004). Affect regulation, mentalization, and the development of the self. London: H. Karnac Books, Ltd.
Frank, J. D. (1973). Persuasion anf healing (2nd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
Gergen, K. J. (2009). Nasycone Ja. Dylematy tożsamości w życiu współczesnym. Warsaw, PL: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN.
Giddens, A. (2006). Nowoczesność i tożsamość. „Ja” i społeczeństwo w epoce późnej nowoczesności. Warsaw, PL: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN.
Goldfried, M. R. (1980). Toward the delineation of therapeutic change principles. American Psychologist, 35, 991-999.
Górniak, L. i Józefik, B. (Eds.) (2003). Ewolucja myślenia systemowego w terapii rodzin. Od metafory cybernetycznej do dialogu i narracji. Cracow, PL: Jagiellonian Press.
Greenberg, L. S. (2002). Emotion-focused therapy: Coaching clients to work through their feelings.Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Grzesiuk, L., & Suszek, H. (2010). Psychoterapia. Integracja. Podręcznik akademicki. Warsaw, PL: Eneteia. Wydawnictwo Psychologii Kultury.
Hayes, S. C. (2004). Acceptance and commitment therapy and the new behavior therapies: Mindfulness, acceptance, and relationships. In S. C. Hayes, V. M. Follette & M. M. Linehan (Eds.), Mindfulness and acceptance: Expanding the cognitive-behavioral tradition (pp. 1-29). New York: The Guilford Press.
Hayes, S. C. (2007). Hello Darkness: Discovering our values by confronting our fears. Psychotherapy networker, September/October.
Hayes, S. C. (2014). Foreword. In J. A. Stoddard, N. Afari, & S. C. Hayes, S. C. (2014). The big book of ACT metaphors. Practitioner’s guide to experiential exercises & metaphors in Acceptance & Commitment Therapy (pp. IX-XIII). Oakland, CA: New Harbinger Publications.
Hayes, S. C., Barnes-Holmes, D., & Roche, B. (Eds.) (2001). Relational frame theory: A Post-Skinnerian account of human language and cognition. New York: Plenum Press.
Hayes, S. C., Follette, V. M., & Linehan, M. M. (2004). Mindfulness and acceptance: Expanding the cognitive-behavioral tradition. New York: The Guilford Press.
Hayes, S. C., & Smith, S. (2005). Get out of your mind and into your life: The new Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (A new Harbinger self-help workbook). Oakland, CA: New Harbinger Publications.
Hayes, S. C., Strosahl, K. D., & Wilson, K. G. (2011). Acceptance and commitment therapy, The process and practice on mindful change (2nd ed.). New York: The Guilford Press.
Heard, H. L., & Linehan, M. M. (2005). Integrative therapy for Borderline Personality Disorder. In J. C. Norcross & M. R. Goldfried (Eds). Handbook of psychotherapy integration (pp. 299-320). Oxford: University Press.
Hoffart, A., & Hoffart, A. R. (2014). Psychotherapy integration through general therapy change principles: Missing the core of psychotherapy? Journal of Psychotherapy Integration, 24(4), 263-274. DOI: 10.1037/a0038135; http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0038135
Jędrasik-Styła, M., & Styła, R. (2009). Psychoterapia integracyjna: Podejście eklektyczne, asymilatywne, integracji oraz czynniki wspólne. Psychoterapia, 2(149), 5-16.
Kabat-Zinn, J. (1994). Wherever you go, there you are. New York: Hyperion.
Kuhn, T. (1962). The structure of scientific revolutions. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Messer, S. B. (1992). A critical examination of belief structures in integrative and eclectic psychotherapy. In J. C. Norcross & M. R. Goldfried (Eds.), Handbook of psychotherapy integration (pp. 130-168). New York: Basic Books.
Messer, S. B. (2001). Introduction to the special issue on assimilative integration. Journal of Psychotherapy Integration, 11(1), 1-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026619423048
Mitchell, S. A. (1983). Relational concepts in psychonalysis. Camcridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Mitchell, S. A. (2000). Relationality: From attachment to intersubjectivity. Hillsdale, NJ: The Analytic Press.
Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (1991). Responses to depression and their effects on the duration of depressive episodes. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 100(4), 569-582.
Norcross, J. C. (2005). A primer on psychotherapy integration. In J. C. Norcross & M. R. Goldfried (Eds.), Handbook of psychotherapy integration (pp. 3-23). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Norcross, J. C., & Goldfried, M. R. (2005). Handbook of psychotherapy integration. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Norcross, J. C., & Halgin, R. P. (2005). Training in psychotherapy integration. In J. C. Norcross & M. R. Goldfried (Eds.), Handbook of psychotherapy integration (pp. 439-458). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Oleś, P., & Drat-Ruszczak, K. (2010). Osobowość. In J. Strelau & D. Doliński. Psychologia. Podręcznik akademicki (vol. 1, pp. 651-764). Gdańsk: Gdańskie Wydawnictwo Psychologiczne.
Ozeki, R. (2014). W poszukiwaniu istoty czasu. Warsaw, PL: Wydawnictwo WAB. Foksal Publishing Group.
Paszkiewicz, E. (1983). Struktura teorii psychologicznych. Behawioryzm, psychoanaliza, psychologia humanistyczna. Warsaw, PL: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN.
Pepper, S. C. (1942). World hypotheses: A study in evidence. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
Price, R. H. (1978). Abnormal behaviour. Perspectives in conflict (2nd ed.). New York: Holt, Rinhart and Winston.
Prochaska, J. O., & DiClemente, C. C. (1992). Stages of change in the modification of problem behaviors. In M. Hersen, R. M. Eisler & P. M. Miller (Eds.), Progress on behaviour modification (pp. 184-214). Sycamore, Il: Sycamore.
Prochaska, J. O. i Norcross, J. C. (2002). Systems of psychotherapy: A transtheoretical analysis. Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks-Cole.
Rogers, C. R. (1959). A theory of therapy, personality, and interpersonal relationships, as development in the client-centered framework. In S. Koch (Ed.), Psychology: A study of a science (vol. 3, pp. 194-235). New York: McGraw-Hill.
Rorty, R., (1989). Contingency, irony, and solidarity. Cambridge University Press.
Rubin, E. (1915). Visually experienced figures: Studies in psychological analysis. Part one. Copenhagen and Christiania: Gyldendalske Boghandel, Nordisk Forlag.
Safran, J. D., & Segal, Z. V. (2004). Interpersonal process in cognitive therapy. Northvale, NJ Jason Aronson.
Segal, Z. V., Williams, J. M. G., & Teasdale, J. D. (2002). Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for depression: A new approach to preventing relapse. New York: Guilford Press.
Stern, D. B., Mann, C. H., Kantor, S. & Schlesinger, G. (Eds.). (1995). Pioneers of interpersonal psychoanalysis. Hillsdale, NJ: The Analytic Press.
Stricker, G., & Gold, J. (2005) Assimilative psychodynamic psychotherapy. In J. C. Norcross & M. R. Goldfried (Eds.), Handbook of psychotherapy integration (pp. 221-240). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Stoddard, J. A., & Afari, N. (2014). The big book of ACT metaphors. Practitioner’s guide to experiential exercises & metaphors in Acceptance & Commitment Therapy. Oakland, CA: New Harbinger Publications.
Suszek H., Styła, R., Grzesiuk, L., Krawczyk, K., & Rutkowska, M. (2014). Aktualny obraz psychoterapii w Polsce. Paper presented at the 35th Convention of the Polish Psychological Association “Psychology in the Changing World,” Bydgoszcz, Sept. 19-21.
Wachtel, P. L. (1997). Psychoanalysis, behavior therapy and the relational world. Washington: American Psychological Association.
Wachtel, P. L. (2010). Psychotherapy integration and integrative psychotherapy: Process or product? Journal of Psychotherapy Integration, 20(4), 406-416.
Wachtel, P. L. (2012). Terapia relacyjna w praktyce psychoterapii. Gdańsk: Harmonia Universalis.
Wachtel, J. P. (2014). An integrative relational point of view. Psychotherapy, 51(3), 342-349.
Wilson, K. G. (2008). Mindfulness for two: An acceptance and commitment therapy approach to mindfulness in psychotherapy. Oakland CA: New Publications.
Young, J. E., Klosko, J. S., & Weishaar, M. E. (2003/2014). Terapia schematów. Przewodnik praktyka. Sopot: Gdańskie Wydawnictwo Psychologiczne.
Bauman, Z. (1995). Wieloznaczność nowoczesna. Nowoczesność wieloznaczna. Warsaw, PL: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN.
Bauman, Z. (2006). Płynna nowoczesność. Cracow, PL: Wydawnictwo Literackie.
Beck, A. T. (1976). Cognitive therapy and the emotional disorders. New York: New American Library.
Brzeziński, J. (1987). Metodologiczne i psychologiczne wyznaczniki procesu badawczego w Psychologii. Poznań: Adam Mickiewicz University Press.
Bowlby, J. (1969). Attachment. Attachment and loss. Vol. 1: Loss. New York: Basic Books.
Castonguay, L. C., Newman, M. G., Borkovec, T. D., Holtforth, M. G., & Maramba, G. G. (2005). Cognitive-behavioral assimilative integration. In J. C. Norcross & M. R. Goldfried (Eds.), Handbook of psychotherapy integration (pp. 241-262). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Chrząstowski, Sz., & de Barbaro, B. (2011). Postmodernistyczne inspiracje w psychoterapii. Cracow, PL: Jagiellonian University Press.
Czabała, Cz. (2007). Czynniki leczące w psychoterapii. Warsaw, PL: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN.
Drat-Ruszczak, K. (2000). Teorie osobowości – podejście psychodynamiczne i humanistyczne. In J. Strelau (Ed.), Psychologia. Podręcznik akademicki (pp. 601-652). Gdańsk: Gdańskie Wydawnictwo Psychologiczne.
Drat-Ruszczak, K. (2004). Psychoanaliza i społeczna psychologia poznawcza: Wspólna perspektywa badawcza? In M. Fajkowska-Stanik, K. Drat-Ruszczak, & M. Marszał-Wiśniewska (Eds.), Pułapki metodologiczne w badaniach empirycznych z zakresu psychologii klinicznej (pp. 71-89). Warsaw, PL: “Academica,” University of Social Sciences and Humanities.
Ellis, A. (1999). Terapia krótko-terminowa. Lepiej, głębiej, trwalej. Gdańsk: Gdańskie Wydawnictwo Psychologiczne.
Foa, E. B., Hembree, E., & Rothbaum, B. O. (2007). Prolonged exposure therapy for PTSD: Emotional processing of traumatic experiences. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Fonagy, P., & Bateman A. W. (2006). Mechanisms of change in mentalization-based treatment of BPD. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 62(4), 411-430.
Fonagy, P., Gergely, G., Jurist, E., & Target, M. (2004). Affect regulation, mentalization, and the development of the self. London: H. Karnac Books, Ltd.
Frank, J. D. (1973). Persuasion anf healing (2nd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
Gergen, K. J. (2009). Nasycone Ja. Dylematy tożsamości w życiu współczesnym. Warsaw, PL: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN.
Giddens, A. (2006). Nowoczesność i tożsamość. „Ja” i społeczeństwo w epoce późnej nowoczesności. Warsaw, PL: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN.
Goldfried, M. R. (1980). Toward the delineation of therapeutic change principles. American Psychologist, 35, 991-999.
Górniak, L. i Józefik, B. (Eds.) (2003). Ewolucja myślenia systemowego w terapii rodzin. Od metafory cybernetycznej do dialogu i narracji. Cracow, PL: Jagiellonian Press.
Greenberg, L. S. (2002). Emotion-focused therapy: Coaching clients to work through their feelings.Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Grzesiuk, L., & Suszek, H. (2010). Psychoterapia. Integracja. Podręcznik akademicki. Warsaw, PL: Eneteia. Wydawnictwo Psychologii Kultury.
Hayes, S. C. (2004). Acceptance and commitment therapy and the new behavior therapies: Mindfulness, acceptance, and relationships. In S. C. Hayes, V. M. Follette & M. M. Linehan (Eds.), Mindfulness and acceptance: Expanding the cognitive-behavioral tradition (pp. 1-29). New York: The Guilford Press.
Hayes, S. C. (2007). Hello Darkness: Discovering our values by confronting our fears. Psychotherapy networker, September/October.
Hayes, S. C. (2014). Foreword. In J. A. Stoddard, N. Afari, & S. C. Hayes, S. C. (2014). The big book of ACT metaphors. Practitioner’s guide to experiential exercises & metaphors in Acceptance & Commitment Therapy (pp. IX-XIII). Oakland, CA: New Harbinger Publications.
Hayes, S. C., Barnes-Holmes, D., & Roche, B. (Eds.) (2001). Relational frame theory: A Post-Skinnerian account of human language and cognition. New York: Plenum Press.
Hayes, S. C., Follette, V. M., & Linehan, M. M. (2004). Mindfulness and acceptance: Expanding the cognitive-behavioral tradition. New York: The Guilford Press.
Hayes, S. C., & Smith, S. (2005). Get out of your mind and into your life: The new Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (A new Harbinger self-help workbook). Oakland, CA: New Harbinger Publications.
Hayes, S. C., Strosahl, K. D., & Wilson, K. G. (2011). Acceptance and commitment therapy, The process and practice on mindful change (2nd ed.). New York: The Guilford Press.
Heard, H. L., & Linehan, M. M. (2005). Integrative therapy for Borderline Personality Disorder. In J. C. Norcross & M. R. Goldfried (Eds). Handbook of psychotherapy integration (pp. 299-320). Oxford: University Press.
Hoffart, A., & Hoffart, A. R. (2014). Psychotherapy integration through general therapy change principles: Missing the core of psychotherapy? Journal of Psychotherapy Integration, 24(4), 263-274. DOI: 10.1037/a0038135; http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0038135
Jędrasik-Styła, M., & Styła, R. (2009). Psychoterapia integracyjna: Podejście eklektyczne, asymilatywne, integracji oraz czynniki wspólne. Psychoterapia, 2(149), 5-16.
Kabat-Zinn, J. (1994). Wherever you go, there you are. New York: Hyperion.
Kuhn, T. (1962). The structure of scientific revolutions. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Messer, S. B. (1992). A critical examination of belief structures in integrative and eclectic psychotherapy. In J. C. Norcross & M. R. Goldfried (Eds.), Handbook of psychotherapy integration (pp. 130-168). New York: Basic Books.
Messer, S. B. (2001). Introduction to the special issue on assimilative integration. Journal of Psychotherapy Integration, 11(1), 1-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026619423048
Mitchell, S. A. (1983). Relational concepts in psychonalysis. Camcridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Mitchell, S. A. (2000). Relationality: From attachment to intersubjectivity. Hillsdale, NJ: The Analytic Press.
Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (1991). Responses to depression and their effects on the duration of depressive episodes. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 100(4), 569-582.
Norcross, J. C. (2005). A primer on psychotherapy integration. In J. C. Norcross & M. R. Goldfried (Eds.), Handbook of psychotherapy integration (pp. 3-23). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Norcross, J. C., & Goldfried, M. R. (2005). Handbook of psychotherapy integration. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Norcross, J. C., & Halgin, R. P. (2005). Training in psychotherapy integration. In J. C. Norcross & M. R. Goldfried (Eds.), Handbook of psychotherapy integration (pp. 439-458). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Oleś, P., & Drat-Ruszczak, K. (2010). Osobowość. In J. Strelau & D. Doliński. Psychologia. Podręcznik akademicki (vol. 1, pp. 651-764). Gdańsk: Gdańskie Wydawnictwo Psychologiczne.
Ozeki, R. (2014). W poszukiwaniu istoty czasu. Warsaw, PL: Wydawnictwo WAB. Foksal Publishing Group.
Paszkiewicz, E. (1983). Struktura teorii psychologicznych. Behawioryzm, psychoanaliza, psychologia humanistyczna. Warsaw, PL: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN.
Pepper, S. C. (1942). World hypotheses: A study in evidence. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
Price, R. H. (1978). Abnormal behaviour. Perspectives in conflict (2nd ed.). New York: Holt, Rinhart and Winston.
Prochaska, J. O., & DiClemente, C. C. (1992). Stages of change in the modification of problem behaviors. In M. Hersen, R. M. Eisler & P. M. Miller (Eds.), Progress on behaviour modification (pp. 184-214). Sycamore, Il: Sycamore.
Prochaska, J. O. i Norcross, J. C. (2002). Systems of psychotherapy: A transtheoretical analysis. Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks-Cole.
Rogers, C. R. (1959). A theory of therapy, personality, and interpersonal relationships, as development in the client-centered framework. In S. Koch (Ed.), Psychology: A study of a science (vol. 3, pp. 194-235). New York: McGraw-Hill.
Rorty, R., (1989). Contingency, irony, and solidarity. Cambridge University Press.
Rubin, E. (1915). Visually experienced figures: Studies in psychological analysis. Part one. Copenhagen and Christiania: Gyldendalske Boghandel, Nordisk Forlag.
Safran, J. D., & Segal, Z. V. (2004). Interpersonal process in cognitive therapy. Northvale, NJ Jason Aronson.
Segal, Z. V., Williams, J. M. G., & Teasdale, J. D. (2002). Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for depression: A new approach to preventing relapse. New York: Guilford Press.
Stern, D. B., Mann, C. H., Kantor, S. & Schlesinger, G. (Eds.). (1995). Pioneers of interpersonal psychoanalysis. Hillsdale, NJ: The Analytic Press.
Stricker, G., & Gold, J. (2005) Assimilative psychodynamic psychotherapy. In J. C. Norcross & M. R. Goldfried (Eds.), Handbook of psychotherapy integration (pp. 221-240). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Stoddard, J. A., & Afari, N. (2014). The big book of ACT metaphors. Practitioner’s guide to experiential exercises & metaphors in Acceptance & Commitment Therapy. Oakland, CA: New Harbinger Publications.
Suszek H., Styła, R., Grzesiuk, L., Krawczyk, K., & Rutkowska, M. (2014). Aktualny obraz psychoterapii w Polsce. Paper presented at the 35th Convention of the Polish Psychological Association “Psychology in the Changing World,” Bydgoszcz, Sept. 19-21.
Wachtel, P. L. (1997). Psychoanalysis, behavior therapy and the relational world. Washington: American Psychological Association.
Wachtel, P. L. (2010). Psychotherapy integration and integrative psychotherapy: Process or product? Journal of Psychotherapy Integration, 20(4), 406-416.
Wachtel, P. L. (2012). Terapia relacyjna w praktyce psychoterapii. Gdańsk: Harmonia Universalis.
Wachtel, J. P. (2014). An integrative relational point of view. Psychotherapy, 51(3), 342-349.
Wilson, K. G. (2008). Mindfulness for two: An acceptance and commitment therapy approach to mindfulness in psychotherapy. Oakland CA: New Publications.
Young, J. E., Klosko, J. S., & Weishaar, M. E. (2003/2014). Terapia schematów. Przewodnik praktyka. Sopot: Gdańskie Wydawnictwo Psychologiczne.
Published
2019-04-05
Issue
Section
Articles
Copyright (c) 2016 Roczniki Psychologiczne
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
