Religious meaning system, religious coping, and eudaimonistic well-being - direct and indirect relations
Keywords:
religious meaning system; religious coping; eudaimonistic well-being; sense of meaning in life
Abstract
The article concerns the relationships between religion, analyzed within the framework of the religious meaning system, and religious coping as well as eudaimonistic well-being in the mediational perspective of meaning in life. In order to verify the hypotheses, two empirical studies (N = 187 and N = 177 people) were carried out to determine the nature and extent of the relationships between the above factors. The results showed that the religious meaning system was positively linked to eudaimonistic well-being, while negative religious strategy showed a negative relationship with it. There was also a positive relationship between religiosity and the dimensions of meaning in life: presence and search. The presence of meaning in life, in contrast to search, turned out to be a mediator in the relationships of the religious meaning system and religious coping with eudaimonistic well-being.
References
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Pargament; K. I.; & Park; C. L. (1995). Merely a defense?: The variety of religious means and ends. Journal of Social Issues; 51; 13-32.
Pargament; K. I.; Smith; B. W.; Koenig; H. G.; & Perez; L. (1998). Patterns of positive and negative religious coping with major life stressors. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion; 37(4); 710-724.
Park; C. L. (2013). Religion and meaning. In R. F. Paloutzian & C. L. Park (Eds.); Handbook of the psychology of religion and spirituality (pp. 357-378). New York: Guilford Press.
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Rosmarin; D. H.; Pargament; K. I.; & Flannelly; K. J. (2009). Do spiritual struggles predict poorer physical/mental health among Jews? The International Journal for the Psychology of Religion; 19(4); 244-258.
Ryff; C. D. (1989). Happiness is everything; or is it? Explorations on the meaning of psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology; 57; 1069-1081.
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Ryff; C. D.; & Singer; B. H. (2008). Know thyself and become what you are: A eudaimonic approach to psychological well-being. Journal of Happiness Studies; 9; 13-39.
Shrout; P. E.; & Bolger; N. (2002). Mediation in experimental and non-experimental studies: New procedures and recommendations. Psychological Bulletin; 7; 422-445.
Steger; M. F. (2011). Meaning in life. In S. J. Lopez & C. R. Snyder (Eds.); The Oxford handbook of positive psychology (pp. 679-687). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Steger; M. F.; & Frazier; P. (2005). Meaning in life: One link in the chain from religiousness to well-being. Journal of Counseling Psychology; 52; 574-582.
Steger; M. F.; Frazier; P.; Oishi; S.; & Kaler; M. (2006). The Meaning in Life Questionnaire: Assessing the presence of and search for meaning in life. Journal of Counseling Psychology; 53(1); 80-93.
Steger; M. F.; Kashdan; T. B.; Sullivan; B. A.; & Lorentz; D. (2008). Understanding the search for meaning in life: Personality; cognitive style; and the dynamic between seeking and experiencing meaning. Journal of Personality; 76(2); 199-228.
Steger; M. F.; Oishi; S.; & Kashdan; T. B. (2009). Meaning in life across the life span: Levels and correlates of meaning in life from emerging adulthood to older adulthood. The Journal of Positive Psychology; 4(1); 43-52.
Thune-Boyle; I. C.; Stygall; J. A.; Keshtgar; M. R.; & Newman; S. P. (2006). Do religious / spiritual coping strategies affect illness adjustment in patients with cancer? A systematic review of the literature. Social Science and Medicine; 63; 151-164.
Trzebińska; E. (2008). Psychologia pozytywna.Warsaw: Wydawnictwa Akademickie i Profesjonalne.
Ekas; N. V.; Whitman; T. L.; & Shivers C. (2009). Religiosity; spirituality; and socioemotional functioning in mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders; 39(5); 706-719.
Frankl; V. E. (1979). The unheard cry for meaning. Psychotherapy and humanism. New York: Simon and Schuster.
Hood; R. W.; Hill; P. C.; & Spilka; B. (2009). The psychology of religion. An empirical approach. New York: Guilford Press.
Jarosz; M. (2011). Skala Religijnego Radzenia Sobie – wersja skrócona (Brief RCOPE). In M. Jarosz (Ed.); Psychologiczny pomiar religijności (pp. 293-316). Lublin: Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL.
Klamut; R. (2002). Cel – czas – sens życia. Lublin: Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL.
Krause; N.; & Hayward; R. D. (2012). Religion; meaning in life; and change in physical functioning during late adulthood. Journal of Adult Development; 19(3); 158-169.
Krok; D. (2009). Religijność a jakość życia w perspektywie mediatorów psychospołecznych. Opole: Redakcja Wydawnictw WT UO.
Krok; D. (2011). Poczucie sensu życia a dobrostan psychiczny. Psychologia Jakości Życia; 10(2); 95-115.
Lawler-Row; K. A.; & Elliott; J. (2009). The role of religious activity and spirituality in the health and well-being of older adults. Journal of Health Psychology; 14(1); 43-52.
Maltby; J.; & Day; L. (2003). Religious orientation; religious coping and appraisals of stress: Assessing primary appraisal factors in the relationship between religiosity and psychological well-being. Personality and Individual Differences; 34(7); 1209-1224.
Paloutzian; R. F.; & Park; C. L. (2013). Recent progress and core issues in the science of the psychology of religion and spirituality. In R. F. Paloutzian & C. L. Park (Eds.); Handbook of the psychology of religion and spirituality (pp. 3-22). New York: Guilford Press.
Pargament; K. I. (1997). The psychology of religion and coping: Theory; research; practice. New York: Guilford Press.
Pargament; K. I.; Olson; H.; Reilly; B.; Falgout; K.; Ensing; D.; & Van Haitsma; K. (1992). God help me (II): The relationship of religious orientation to religious coping with negative life events. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion; 22; 393-404.
Pargament; K. I.; & Park; C. L. (1995). Merely a defense?: The variety of religious means and ends. Journal of Social Issues; 51; 13-32.
Pargament; K. I.; Smith; B. W.; Koenig; H. G.; & Perez; L. (1998). Patterns of positive and negative religious coping with major life stressors. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion; 37(4); 710-724.
Park; C. L. (2013). Religion and meaning. In R. F. Paloutzian & C. L. Park (Eds.); Handbook of the psychology of religion and spirituality (pp. 357-378). New York: Guilford Press.
Paulhus; D. L.; Robins; R. W.; Trzesniewski; K. H.; & Tracy; J. L. (2004). Two replicable suppressor situations in personality research. Multivariate Behavioral Research; 39; 303-328.
Popielski; K. (1993). Noetyczny wymiar osobowości. Lublin: Redakcja Wydawnictw Katolickiego Uniwersytetu Lubelskiego.
Rammohan; A.; Rao; K.; & Subbakrishna; D. K. (2002). Religious coping and psychological well-being in carers of relatives with schizophrenia. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica; 105(5); 356-362.
Rosmarin; D. H.; Pargament; K. I.; & Flannelly; K. J. (2009). Do spiritual struggles predict poorer physical/mental health among Jews? The International Journal for the Psychology of Religion; 19(4); 244-258.
Ryff; C. D. (1989). Happiness is everything; or is it? Explorations on the meaning of psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology; 57; 1069-1081.
Ryff; C. D. (1996). Psychological well-being. In J. E. Birren (Eds.); Encyclopedia of gerontology: Age; aging; and the aged (pp. 365-369). San Diego; CA: Academic Press.
Ryff; C. D.; & Singer; B. H. (2008). Know thyself and become what you are: A eudaimonic approach to psychological well-being. Journal of Happiness Studies; 9; 13-39.
Shrout; P. E.; & Bolger; N. (2002). Mediation in experimental and non-experimental studies: New procedures and recommendations. Psychological Bulletin; 7; 422-445.
Steger; M. F. (2011). Meaning in life. In S. J. Lopez & C. R. Snyder (Eds.); The Oxford handbook of positive psychology (pp. 679-687). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Steger; M. F.; & Frazier; P. (2005). Meaning in life: One link in the chain from religiousness to well-being. Journal of Counseling Psychology; 52; 574-582.
Steger; M. F.; Frazier; P.; Oishi; S.; & Kaler; M. (2006). The Meaning in Life Questionnaire: Assessing the presence of and search for meaning in life. Journal of Counseling Psychology; 53(1); 80-93.
Steger; M. F.; Kashdan; T. B.; Sullivan; B. A.; & Lorentz; D. (2008). Understanding the search for meaning in life: Personality; cognitive style; and the dynamic between seeking and experiencing meaning. Journal of Personality; 76(2); 199-228.
Steger; M. F.; Oishi; S.; & Kashdan; T. B. (2009). Meaning in life across the life span: Levels and correlates of meaning in life from emerging adulthood to older adulthood. The Journal of Positive Psychology; 4(1); 43-52.
Thune-Boyle; I. C.; Stygall; J. A.; Keshtgar; M. R.; & Newman; S. P. (2006). Do religious / spiritual coping strategies affect illness adjustment in patients with cancer? A systematic review of the literature. Social Science and Medicine; 63; 151-164.
Trzebińska; E. (2008). Psychologia pozytywna.Warsaw: Wydawnictwa Akademickie i Profesjonalne.
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