Narcissim and narcissistic pathology in Heinz Kohut’s self psychology
Keywords:
bipolar self; dual-axis theory; narcissism; narcissistic personality disorders
Abstract
This article presents basic concepts and assumptions of self psychology developed by Heinz Kohut. The authors show major shifts in the evolving theories of narcissism and narcissistic pathology, according to Kohut’s bipolar self structure and dual-axis theory of its development.
References
Andreas-Salome, L. (1962). The dual orientation of narcissism. Psychoanalytic Quarterly, 31, 1-32.
Bazińska, A., Drat-Ruszczak, K. (2000). Struktura narcyzmu w polskiej adaptacji kwestionariusza NPI Ruskina i Halla. Czasopismo Psychologiczne, 6, 3-4, 171-187.
Blatt, S. J., Shichman, S. (1983). Two primary configurations of psychopathology. Psychoanalysis and Contemporary Thought, 6, 187-254.
Brenner, C. (1955). An elementary textbook of psychoanalysis. New York: International University Press.
Cierpiałkowska, L. (2002). Współczesna psychoanaliza i jej znaczenie dla psychologii klinicznej. W: H. Sęk (red.), Psychologia kliniczna (t. 1, s. 82-102). Warszawa: Wydawnictwo PWN.
Glassman, M. (1988). Kernberg and Kohut: A Test of Competing Psychoanalytic Models of Narcissism. Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, 36, 597-621.
Gościniak, J. (2002). Rozwój i patologia self w koncepcji Heinza Kohuta. W: L. Cierpiałkowska, J. Gościniak (red.), Współczesna psychoanaliza. Teorie relacji z obiektem (s. 13-38). Poznań: Wydawnictwo Fundacji Humaniora.
Hamilton, J. W. (1978). Some remarks on certain Vicissitudes of narcissism. Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, 5, 275-282.
Hanly, C., Masson, J. (1976). A critical examination of the new narcissism. Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, 57, 49-61.
Kernberg, O. F. (1970). Factors in the psychoanalytic treatment of narcissistic personalities. Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, 18, 51-83.
Kernberg, O. F. (1974). Further contributions to the treatment of narcissistic personalities. Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, 55, 215-238.
Kitron, D. (1991). Narcissism and object love as separate but dependent developmental lines. Psychoanalytic Study of Child, 46, 325-334.
Kohut, H. (1959). Introspection, empathy, and psychoanalysis. An examination of the relationship between mode of observation and theory. Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, 7, 459-483.
Kohut, H. (1966). Forms and transformation of narcissism. Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, 14, 243-272.
Kohut, H. (1968). The psychoanalytic treatment of the narcissistic personality disorders – outline of a systematic approach. Psychoanalytic Study of Child, 23, 86-113.
Kohut, H. (1970a). Discusion of D. C. Levi’s paper: “The Self: A contribution to its place in theory as and technique”. The Search for the Self, Chap. 38, 577-588.
Kohut, H. (1970b). Narcissism as a resistance and as a driving force in psychoanalysis. The Search for the Self, chap. 36, 547-562
Kohut, H. (1971). The analysis of the self. A systematic approach to the psychoanalytic treatment of narcissistic personality disorders. New York: International University Press.
Kohut, H. (1972). Thoughts on narcissism and narcissistic rage. Psychoanalytic Study of Child, 27, 360-399.
Kohut, H. (1975a). A Psychoanalysis in the community of scholars. The search for the Self, Chap. 43.
Kohut, H. (1975b). Remarks about the formation of the self. The search for the Self, Chap. 45.
Kohut, H. (1977). The restoration of the self. New York: International University Press.
Kohut, H. (1984). How does analysis cure? Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Kohut, H., Wolf, E. S. (1978). The disorders of the self and their treatment: An outline. International Journal of Psychoanalysis, 59, 413-424.
Loewald, H. W. (1973). Review of the analysis of the self by H. Kohut. Psychoanalytic Quarterly, 42, 441-451.
Miller, A. (1979). Depression and grandiosity as related forms of narcissistic disturbances. International Reviev of Psychoanalysis, 6, 61-76
Moore, B. (1975). Towards a clarification of the concept of narcissism. Psychoanalytic Study of Child, 30, 243-276.
Ornstein, P. H. (1978). The evolution of Heinz Kohut’s psychoanalytic psychology of the Self. The Search for the Self. New York: International University Press, Inc.
Pulver, S. E. (1970). Narcissism: The term and the concept. International Journal of Psychoanalysis, 18, 319-341
Schreer, G. E. (2002). Narcissism and aggression: Is inflated self-esteem related to aggressive driving? North American Journal of Psychology, 4, 333-343.
Teicholz, J. (1978). A selective review of the psychoanalytic literature on theoretical conceptualizations of narcissism. Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, 26, 831-859.
Wolf, E. S. (1980). On the developmental line of selfobject relations. W: A. Goldberg (red.), Advances in self psychology (s. 117-130). New York: International University Press, Inc.
Watson, P. J., Hickman, S. E. (1995). Narcissism, self-esteem, and parental nurturance. Journal of Psychology, 129, 1, 61-74.
Bazińska, A., Drat-Ruszczak, K. (2000). Struktura narcyzmu w polskiej adaptacji kwestionariusza NPI Ruskina i Halla. Czasopismo Psychologiczne, 6, 3-4, 171-187.
Blatt, S. J., Shichman, S. (1983). Two primary configurations of psychopathology. Psychoanalysis and Contemporary Thought, 6, 187-254.
Brenner, C. (1955). An elementary textbook of psychoanalysis. New York: International University Press.
Cierpiałkowska, L. (2002). Współczesna psychoanaliza i jej znaczenie dla psychologii klinicznej. W: H. Sęk (red.), Psychologia kliniczna (t. 1, s. 82-102). Warszawa: Wydawnictwo PWN.
Glassman, M. (1988). Kernberg and Kohut: A Test of Competing Psychoanalytic Models of Narcissism. Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, 36, 597-621.
Gościniak, J. (2002). Rozwój i patologia self w koncepcji Heinza Kohuta. W: L. Cierpiałkowska, J. Gościniak (red.), Współczesna psychoanaliza. Teorie relacji z obiektem (s. 13-38). Poznań: Wydawnictwo Fundacji Humaniora.
Hamilton, J. W. (1978). Some remarks on certain Vicissitudes of narcissism. Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, 5, 275-282.
Hanly, C., Masson, J. (1976). A critical examination of the new narcissism. Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, 57, 49-61.
Kernberg, O. F. (1970). Factors in the psychoanalytic treatment of narcissistic personalities. Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, 18, 51-83.
Kernberg, O. F. (1974). Further contributions to the treatment of narcissistic personalities. Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, 55, 215-238.
Kitron, D. (1991). Narcissism and object love as separate but dependent developmental lines. Psychoanalytic Study of Child, 46, 325-334.
Kohut, H. (1959). Introspection, empathy, and psychoanalysis. An examination of the relationship between mode of observation and theory. Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, 7, 459-483.
Kohut, H. (1966). Forms and transformation of narcissism. Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, 14, 243-272.
Kohut, H. (1968). The psychoanalytic treatment of the narcissistic personality disorders – outline of a systematic approach. Psychoanalytic Study of Child, 23, 86-113.
Kohut, H. (1970a). Discusion of D. C. Levi’s paper: “The Self: A contribution to its place in theory as and technique”. The Search for the Self, Chap. 38, 577-588.
Kohut, H. (1970b). Narcissism as a resistance and as a driving force in psychoanalysis. The Search for the Self, chap. 36, 547-562
Kohut, H. (1971). The analysis of the self. A systematic approach to the psychoanalytic treatment of narcissistic personality disorders. New York: International University Press.
Kohut, H. (1972). Thoughts on narcissism and narcissistic rage. Psychoanalytic Study of Child, 27, 360-399.
Kohut, H. (1975a). A Psychoanalysis in the community of scholars. The search for the Self, Chap. 43.
Kohut, H. (1975b). Remarks about the formation of the self. The search for the Self, Chap. 45.
Kohut, H. (1977). The restoration of the self. New York: International University Press.
Kohut, H. (1984). How does analysis cure? Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Kohut, H., Wolf, E. S. (1978). The disorders of the self and their treatment: An outline. International Journal of Psychoanalysis, 59, 413-424.
Loewald, H. W. (1973). Review of the analysis of the self by H. Kohut. Psychoanalytic Quarterly, 42, 441-451.
Miller, A. (1979). Depression and grandiosity as related forms of narcissistic disturbances. International Reviev of Psychoanalysis, 6, 61-76
Moore, B. (1975). Towards a clarification of the concept of narcissism. Psychoanalytic Study of Child, 30, 243-276.
Ornstein, P. H. (1978). The evolution of Heinz Kohut’s psychoanalytic psychology of the Self. The Search for the Self. New York: International University Press, Inc.
Pulver, S. E. (1970). Narcissism: The term and the concept. International Journal of Psychoanalysis, 18, 319-341
Schreer, G. E. (2002). Narcissism and aggression: Is inflated self-esteem related to aggressive driving? North American Journal of Psychology, 4, 333-343.
Teicholz, J. (1978). A selective review of the psychoanalytic literature on theoretical conceptualizations of narcissism. Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, 26, 831-859.
Wolf, E. S. (1980). On the developmental line of selfobject relations. W: A. Goldberg (red.), Advances in self psychology (s. 117-130). New York: International University Press, Inc.
Watson, P. J., Hickman, S. E. (1995). Narcissism, self-esteem, and parental nurturance. Journal of Psychology, 129, 1, 61-74.
Published
2019-03-28
Issue
Section
Articles
Copyright (c) 2008 Roczniki Psychologiczne
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
