Poles in Illinois: A Brief Historical Outline
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Abstract
This article presents an outline history of the Polish community in Illinois from the 19th century to the present day. It describes and characterises the various waves of immigration of Poles to this state, during which the Polish community consolidated, Polish organisations were established (Polish Roman Catholic Union, Polish National Alliance, Polish Women’s Alliance) and their integration with the American society unfolded. The main physical and spiritual centres of support were the parishes. The article also presents the activity of the Polish community in Illinois in modern times, its reactions to events in Poland in the 20th century and its current perception of Polish culture.
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References
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Jaroszyńska-Kirchmann A.D., The Exile Mission: The Polish Political Diaspora and Polish Americans, 1939-1956, Athens, Ohio: Ohio University Press 2004.
Kantowicz E.R., “Polish Chicago: Survival Through Solidarity,” [in:] M.G. Holli, P. D’a. Jones, The Ethnic Frontier: Essays in the History of Group Survival in Chicago and the Midwest, New York: William B. Eerdmans 1977, pp. 173–198.
Kula W. et al., Writing Home: Immigrants in Brazil and the United States, 1890–1891, Boulder/New York: East European Monographs and Columbia University Press, 1990.
Parafie i kościoły polskie w Chicago, eds. M. Matysik, A. Górka, Warsaw: Narodowy Instytut Polskiego Dziedzictwa Kulturowego za Granicą Polonika 2019.
Radzialowski T.C, “Competition for Jobs and Racial Stereotypes: Poles and Blacks in Chicago,” Polish American Studies 33, no. 2 (1976), pp. 5–18.
Radzilowski J., “Fecund Newcomers or Dying Ethnics? Demographic Approaches to the History of Italian and Polish Immigrants and their Children in the United States, 1880 to 1980,” Journal of American Ethnic History 27, no. 1(2007), pp. 60–74.
Radzilowski J., “Polonia in World War II: Toward a Social History,” Polish American Studies 58, no. 1(2001), pp. 63–80.
Radzilowski J., and A.H. Gunkel, Poles in Illinois, Carbondale, Ill.: Southern Illinois University Press 2020.
Radzilowski T., “Polish Immigrant Women and their Daughters,” The Fiedorczyk Lecture in Polish and Polish American Studies, Central Connecticut State University, 1990.