The People Demand Social Justice: The Social Protest in Israel as an Agoral Gathering
Keywords:
agoral gathering; social protests; crowd behavior; social change
Abstract
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/pepsi-2018-0007
The summer of 2011 has seen the first mass-scale social protest in Israel in its 70 years of existence. This social wave that shook the country, showed unique characteristics a-typical of most social and political uprisings, that go largely unexplained by social theories of social change and crowd psychology. In this article I am analyzing published reports of the social protest of 2011, and draw the analogy with the concept of ‘Agoral Gathering’ that may account for these events and support discussion of their aftermath.
References
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Biela, A. (1989). Agoral gathering: A new conception of collective behavior. Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour, 19(3), 311-336.
Biela, A., & Tobacyk, J. J. (1987). Self-transcendence in the agoral gathering: A case study of Pope John Paul II’s 1979 visit to Poland. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 27(4), 390-405.
Bloom, H. (2000). The Global Brain: The Evolution of Mass Mind from the Big Bang to the 21st Century. NY: John Wiley & Sons.
DeFronzo, J. (2015). Revolutions and revolutionary movements. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
DeLuca, K. M., Lawson, S., & Sun, Y. (2012). Occupy Wall Street on the public screens of social media: The many framings of the birth of a protest movement. Communication, Culture & Critique, 5(4), 483-509.
Hagin, A, (2011). Another day on the avenue: Thousands of people, hundreds of tents as a routine. The Marker, 28-8-2011, Retrieved from: 828327.1/markerweek/com.themarker.w
Hatfield, E., Cacioppo, J. T., Rapson, R. L., (1993). Emotional contagion. Current Directions in Psychological Science. 2 (3): 96–99.
Hatzerony, A., Lewinstein, H. (2012). Traditional or virtual? What media did the tent protest utilize? Kesher (Connection), 43, 13-22.
Johnson, D. (1989). The Iron curtain is swept aside. The Daily Telegraph, November, 10th, 1. Retrieved from: http://www.bl.uk/learning/timeline/item107406.html
Katz, U. (2016). Was the Social protest totally meaningless? Haaretz, 17-7-2016, 13.
Le Bon, G. (1895). The Crowd: A Study of the Popular Mind. London. Paris, France: T. Fisher Unwin.
OECD (2017). Government at a glance: Highlights. OECD Policies.
Pinker, S. (2011). Better angles of our nature: Why violence has declined. NY: Penguin books.
Ram, U., Filk, D. (2013). July 14th for Daphne Leaf: The rise and fall of the social protest. Theory and Critique, 41, 17-42.
Shumapalby, A., Zeitoun, Y., Feiler, B., Shaalan, H. (2011). Four hundred thousand attend the height of the protest: The miracle of summer, 2011. Ynet, 4,9-11. Retrieved from: https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-4117325,00.html
Streckman, D., Darmony, M. (2017). “The people demand social justice”: on the social protest of 2011. Tarbut-Il, The center for Educational Technology. Retrieved from: http://tarbut.cet.ac.il/ShowItem.aspx?ItemID=b52e7a4a-b3c6-4d8c-b596-d8958a521166&lang=HEB
The Wexner Foundation. (2012). Case study: the summer of 2011 Test protest in Israel. Haifa: Wexner foundation.
Trachtenberg, M. (2011). The report of the committee for Socio-economic change. Jerusalem: Sachar Studio press.
Werft, M. (2016). Five peaceful protests that lead to change. The Global Citizen, Retrieved from: https://www.globalcitizen.org/en/content/peace-protests-dallas-response/
Werter, Y. (2011). A poll reveals: The housing protest hit Nethaniahu. Only third of the population are happy with his actions. Ha’Aretz, 25-7-2011. Retrieved from: https://www.haaretz.co.il/news/education/1.1181662
Yona, Y., Speavak, A. (2012). It can be done differently: The basis for a just State.
